Kuyera tembiricha uye mwando zvakajairika mumapurojekiti mazhinji emagetsi. Mune DIY zvakajairika kuti upime ma parameter kudzora mamwe masisitimu. Semuenzaniso, kugona kugadzira firiji, chengetedzo yekudyara, kana mweya wekugadzirisa mamiriro ezvinhu anotanga kumusoro kana tembiricha kana hunyoro hwasvika pane imwe kukosha. Asi kuti izvo zvikwanisike iwe unoda sensor senge iyo DHT11.
Mumusika kune ma sensors mazhinji akasiyana kwakanyanya tembiricha masosi, ane anotsigirwa tembiricha masosi kana akasiyana matanho. Muenzaniso weizvi ndeuyu iyo LM35, imwe yeakakurumbira uye anoshandiswa mune zvemagetsi. Kune mamwezve humidity sensors anoita nekusiyana kwemaitiro senge AD22103KTZ kubva kuAnalog Devices. Asi kana iwe uchida kuyera ese ari maviri ma parameter, pamwe chishandiso chatiri kukurukura nhasi muchinyorwa chino chakanyanya kufarira ...
Chii chinonzi DHT11?
El DHT11 inzwa yakapusa inoyera tembiricha uye mwando, zvese pamwechete. A) Hongu haufanire kutenga maviri ma sensors zvakasiyana. Mutengo wayo uri nezve € 2, saka zvakachipa, kunyangwe iwe uchigona zvakare kuwana iyo yakaiswa pane module (yakaiswa paPCB kuitira nyore kushandisa) sezvazvinowanzoitika murudzi urwu rwezvinhu zvemagetsi zveArduino. Muchiitiko chebhodhi, inosanganisira 5 kilo ohm yekudhonza-kumusoro yekudzivisa uye neiyo LED inotinyevera nezvekushanda.
DHT11 ine Kuvimbika kwakadzama uye kugadzikana nekuda kwechiratidzo chayo chakatemerwa. Zvakare, kana iwe ukatarisa pane dhatasheet rayo, iwe uchaona kuti ine inonakidza maficha, sezvaunozoona mune ramangwana zvikamu.
Zvakafanana zvigadzirwa
Pane chigadzirwa chakafanana neDHT11 chaungafarire. Zviri iyo DHT22. Iyo zvakare yakapindirana tembiricha uye humidity sensor, asi mune iyi kesi mutengo wayo unokwirira zvishoma, ungangoita € 4. Kururamisa kuyera tembiricha ndeye 5% misiyano zvakare senge DHT11, asi zvakasiyana nazvo, inoyera kupfuura huwandu hwehunyoro pakati pe20 ne80%. Naizvozvo, iwe unogona kuve unofarira iyo DHT22 yemapurojekiti kwaunoda kuyera hunyoro kubva ku0 kusvika 100%.
La data yekuunganidza frequency iyo zvakare yakapetwa kaviri iya yeDHT11, muDHT22 2 sampuli inotorwa pasekondi pachinzvimbo che1 sampuli pasekondi yeDHT11. Kana iri tembiricha, inogona kuyera kubva -40ºC kusvika + 125ºC nekunyatsojeka, sezvo ichigona kuyera zvidimbu zvemadhigirii, kunyanya inogona kukoshesa misiyano yekuwedzera / kubvisa 0,5usC.
Pinout, maficha uye dhatasheet
Unogona kuwana zvakati wandei zvehunyanzvi ruzivo nezve iyo DHT11 mune ako madhata. Mugadziri wega wega wechigadzirwa ichi anogona kupa mamwe maitiro anogona kusiyana, saka ndinogara ndichikurudzira kuverenga iyo PDF yemugadziri wechinhu chawatenga. Kunyangwe huwandu hwakawanda hunogona kutaridzika zvakafanana kwauri, panogona kuve nemusiyano mushoma kubva kune mumwe uchienda kune mumwe. Unyanzvi hwayo hwakakosha hunosanganisira:
- 3,5v kusvika ku5v magetsi
- 2,5mA yazvino kudyiwa
- Dhijitari yekubuda chiratidzo
- Kupisa kubva pa 0ºC kusvika 50 toC
- Kururamisa kuyera tembiricha pa25ºC ingangoita 2ºC mutsauko
- Iyo resolution yekuyera tembiricha i8-bit, 1ºC
- Humidity inogona kuyera kubva pa20% RH kusvika 90% RH
- Zvakakodzera hunyoro hwe5% RH kune tembiricha iri pakati pe0-50ºC
- Iyo resolution ndeye 1% RH, haigone kutora misiyano pazasi peiyo
- Mouser Dhatasheet
Nezve iyo data, kutepfenyura mudigital. Naizvozvo, hazvidiwe kuenda kubva kune analogog kuenda kudigital semamwe sensors. Izvo zvakaomesa kodhi yekunyora muArduino IDE, asi mune ino kesi hazvidiwe uye zviri nyore kwazvo. Kunyangwe iyo sensor pachayo iri analog, asi inosanganisira system yekuita shanduko uye inogona kusunganidzwa zvakananga kudigital yekuisa yeArduino.
Iyo chiratidzo cheanalogog, inova musiyano wemagetsi, kubva pane iyo sensor inoshandurwa kuita fomati yedhijitari kuti itumirwe kune Arduino microcontroller Inopfuudzwa mukati 40-bit furemu inoenderana nehunyoro uye ruzivo rwekupisa rwakatorwa neiyo DHT11. Iwo maviri ekutanga masere-masere mapoka ndee hunyoro, ndiko kuti, akakosha kwazvo mabiti gumi nematanhatu eiyi furemu. Ipapo mamwe maviri akasara 8-bit mapoka ekushisa. Ndokunge, ine mabheti maviri ehunyoro uye maviri mabheti tembiricha. Semuyenzaniso:
0011 0101 0000 0010 0001 1000 0000 0000 0011 1001
Mune ino kesi, 0011 0101 0000 0010 ndiyo humidity value, uye 0001 1000 0000 0000 ndiyo tembiricha. Chikamu chekutanga ndechechikamu chakazara uye chikamu chechipiri ndechezvikamu. Kana iri 0011 1001, ndiko kuti, iyo yekupedzisira 8-bit parity kunzvenga zvikanganiso. Nenzira iyo iwe unogona kutarisa kuti zvese zvakaringana panguva yekufambisa. Inoenderana neuwandu hwemabithi apfuura, nekudaro, kana iyo samu yakaenzana neparity, ichave iri chaiyo. Mumuenzaniso wandakaisa, zvaisazove, nekuti sezvauri kuzviona hazvienderane ... Izvi zvinoratidza kutadza.
Kana izvi zvangozivikanwa, chinotevera chinhu padanho rehunyanzvi reiyo DHT11 iyo inofanirwa kucherechedzwa mapini. Iyo vanobata kana pinout zveichi chishandiso chiri nyore, sezvo ichingova neina chete. Imwe yemapini ndeye simba kana Vcc, imwe yacho yeI / O kufambisa data, pini yeNC isingabatanidze, uye GND yekubatana kwepasi.
Kubatanidzwa naArduino
Paunenge iwe uchiziva iyo pinout yeiyo DHT11 uye zvakare iyo Arduino bhodhi, iko kubatana kuri nyore. Rangarira kuti kana iwe wakasarudza module yeDHT11 yakabatanidzwa muPCB, mapini acho anove matatu, sezvo NC ichibviswa kuti zvinhu zvive nyore. Zvese iwe zvunofanirwa kuita kubatanidza pasi pini kune imwe yeArduino's GND kubatana sezvazvinoonekwa mune dhayagiramu mumufananidzo wapfuura.
Kune rimwe divi, pini yemagetsi inofanira kuve yakabatana iyo 5v yekubatanidza kubva Arduino, saka iyo sensor ichave izere nemagetsi neGND uye Vcc, asi ikozvino data racho riripo. Kuti upfuure iyo data kubva kuDHT11 sensor kune iyo Arduino board, unogona kushandisa chero zvigadzirwa zvemadhijitari, senge 7 anowanikwa mumufananidzo ... kodhi ...
Kana iyo sensor iri kure muchirongwa chako uye uchizoshandisa tambo yakareba kupfuura makumi maviri emamita, wozoshandisa 20k yekudhonza-kumusoro resistor, kune tambo hombe dzinofanirwa kunge dzakakura zvakanyanya. Ziva kuti kana iwe ukashandisa 5v simba panzvimbo ye3,5v, ipapo tambo haifanire kunge yakareba kupfuura 5cm nekuda kwemadonhwe emagetsi.
Rangarira kuti izvo zvavanokurudzira ndizvo tora zviyero mumasekonzi mashanu, kunyangwe iyo sampling frequency iyo iyo DHT11 inogona kushanda iri yepamusoro, asi kana ikaitwa kazhinji kazhinji inogona kunge isingave iri chaiyo.
Code muArduino IDE
Kuenda wakananga kukodhi, taura izvozvo mu Arduino IDE unogona kushandisa raibhurari yakati wandei ine zvinhu zvinozoita kuti hupenyu hwako huve nyore neiyo DHT11. Semuenzaniso, mumwe wavo ndiye uyo inopa Adafruit. Rangarira kuti isu tine wekutanga mutungamiriri anotanga naArduino muPDF iwe unogona download mahara kubva pano uye zvinogona kukubatsira.
Paunenge uchinge uine raibhurari inoenderana, iwe unogona kupindura ku nyora kodhi kudzora iyo DHT11 tembiricha uye humidity sensor yepurojekiti yako naArduino. Semuyenzaniso:
#include "DHT.h"
const int DHTPin = 7;
DHT dht(DHTPin, DHTTYPE);
void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600);
Serial.println("Midiendo...");
dht.begin();
}
void loop() {
delay(2000);
float h = dht.readHumidity();
float t = dht.readTemperature();
if (isnan(h) || isnan(t)) {
Serial.println("Fallo en la lectura del sensor DHT11");
return;
}
Serial.print("Humedad relativa: ");
Serial.print(h);
Serial.print(" %\t");
Serial.print("Temperatura: ");
Serial.print(t);
Serial.print(" ºC ");
}