La incasa ye-thermal yinto esetyenziswa kakhulu kwi ihlabathi le-elektroniki. Ngokubanzi njengojongano lokuphucula ukutshatyalaliswa kobushushu phakathi kweechips ezisebenza ngokuphezulu kunye neeheatsinks. Kodwa ayisiyiyo kuphela indawo apho isetyenziswa khona, ingasetyenziselwa i-transistors yamandla aphezulu, ukuya iipleyiti zesiphumo se-peltier, Njl
Kweli nqaku uya kukwazi yintoni kanye kanye le nto, umsebenzi wayo, indlela esetyenziswa ngayo ngokufanelekileyo, iintlobo ezikhoyo emarikeni kunye neempawu ezintle onokuthi uzithenge.
Yintoni i-thermal paste?
Inokubizwa ngeendlela ezininzi: i-thermal paste, i-silicone ye-thermal, igrisi ye-thermal, njl. Onke la magama ayafana, kwaye akukho mahluko phakathi kwawo. Ibhekisa kwinto eneempawu ezilungileyo zokuqhuba i-thermal ukunceda ukukhupha ngcono ubushushu xa kukho ujongano phakathi kwemiphezulu emibini. Ngokomzekelo, xa i-heatsink isetyenziselwa i-chip, ukugcwalisa "izithuba" ezinokuba phakathi kwendawo enye kunye nomnye kwaye ngaloo ndlela wenze ukuqhuba kakuhle.
I-Thermal paste inezinto ezahlukeneyo kuyo ukwakhiwa:
- Polymerizable liquid matrix: sisiseko sentlama, esenza ukuba ibe yinto engamanzi. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ezi ntlobo zeejeli okanye iipasti zihlala zisekelwe kwii-silicones (kungoko igama labo), i-epoxy resins, i-acrylates, i-urethanes, njl.
- Amasuntswana: ezi zihluzi zivame ukumela phakathi kwe-70 kunye ne-80% yokubunjwa kwe-thermal paste. Kule meko, zinokuthi zihluke kakhulu, ezifana nobhedu, i-aluminium, isilivere, i-zinc oxide, i-boron nitride, njl.
Ngenxa yako konke oku kuqulunqwa, le ntlama ye-thermal ingaba inetyhefu ukuba iginyiwe. Ngoko ke, kufuneka kuthatyathwe amanyathelo okhuseleko xa uyisebenzisa, hlamba izandla ukuba uphathwa ngaphandle kweeglavu kwaye uphephe ukuyishiya kwindawo ebantwaneni. Ukongeza, iyacaphukisa ulusu, amehlo, kunye ne-mucous membranes, ngoko ke kufuneka usebenzise izinto zokukhusela xa uyiphatha. Ezinye izifundo zevidiyo zibonisa indlela abayisebenzisa ngayo nangesandla, kodwa oku akufuneki kwenziwe.
Ukuba uphambi kwecandelo elitsha le-elektroniki, kwaye awuqinisekanga ukuba ungasebenzisa intlama ye-thermal kumphezulu wayo okanye yeyiphi onokuthi uyisebenzise, ndincoma ukuba uhlale ufunda abavelisi beedatha. Kolu xwebhu uya kufumana ulwazi malunga nalo, ukongeza kwiimfuno zokulahla, amandla, ubuninzi kunye nobushushu obuncinci obuxhaswayo, amaxabiso anje nge-junction-case, junction-air, njl.
Propiedades
Intlama ye-Thermal ayinayo kuphela iipropati ye-thermal conductivity, kodwa kunye nabanye, kwaye kuyimfuneko ukuhlawula ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kubo, kuba banokumisela ukusetyenziswa ngokwezinto ze-elektroniki. Le nto ibonakaliswa ikakhulu:
- I-Thermal conductivity: Iyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu kwi-thermal paste, kuba yinto enenjongo yokuphelisa ubushushu. Ke ngoko, kufuneka babe nobuchule obuhle bokuqhuba ubushushu. Iiyunithi ezifana ne-watt ngemitha-Kelvin zisetyenziselwa ukulinganisa le nto. Ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwepasta okanye uphawu, le conductivity ingahluka kakhulu. Ngokomzekelo, ezo zobhedu, isilivere, idayimani okanye i-aluminium zinempahla enhle kakhulu kulo mbandela, ezinye ezifana ne-zinc oxide, i-aluminium nitride, njl., kungekhona kakhulu.
- Ukuhanjiswa kombane: Inxulumene nenye yeengxaki ezinokubangelwa yi-thermal paste ukuba iqhuba kakuhle umbane. Ngokuqhelekileyo, abavelisi be-pasta bavame ukubonisa ukuxhathisa kombane ukuba imveliso yabo ibonisa. Iphezulu (i-ohms ngesentimitha), i-insulator engcono iya kuba, ngoko ingaba ngcono kakhulu. Ukuba intlama inokumelana okuphantsi kwaye iqhuba kakuhle ke inokukhokelela kwiingxaki zesekethe emfutshane ukuba idibana nezinye iingoma okanye izikhonkwane.
- Thermic dilatation coefficient: yenye iyunithi ekufuneka ingqalelo kuyo. Kule meko, kufuneka ukhangele i-paste ene-coefficient ephantsi kakhulu, oko kukuthi, ukwenzela ukuba yandise kancinci ngokushushu. Kungenjalo, kunokubangela iingxaki zoxinzelelo phakathi kwamalungu.
Iintlobo igrisi thermal
Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zokuncamathisela okushushu kwimarike, kwaye kubalulekile ukwahlula phakathi kwazo zonke izisombululo ezikhoyo ukwazi ukuba yeyiphi onokuyikhetha kwimeko nganye, kuba zonke zinento yazo. iingeniso kunye nokungalunganga:
- Iphedi yokufudumeza: I-adhesive okanye i-pad esebenza njenge-interface conductive conductive kunye nenjongo yayo ifana ncamashi ne-thermal paste, kodwa inokusetyenziswa ngokulula, kwaye ayibandakanyi ukulawula ubuninzi, ukuqinisekisa ukuba yanda ngokulinganayo, njl. kuba ibambelela nje kumphezulu wecandelo ukuba ichithwe okanye kwiheatsink. Zithengiswa ngokwahlukeneyo, nangona zivame ukuza zifakwe ngaphambili kwezinye iinkqubo zesikhenkcisi ukuququzelela ukudibanisa. Ezi ngokuqhelekileyo zenziwe nge-silicone okanye i-wax yeparafini exutywe namasuntswana aqinileyo. Kwiqondo lobushushu begumbi zibonakala ziqinile ngakumbi, kodwa xa zisebenza, ziba lulwelo ngakumbi.
- Unamathisele ubushushu: yinto engamanzi e-viscous ethengiswa kwiitoti ezinebrashi yesicelo, iityhubhu okanye iisirinji ukuze zisetyenziswe lula. Ngaphakathi kolu ncamathiselo ungafumana ezi ndidi zilandelayo:
- Yesinyithi: basebenzisa iincinci zetsimbi (i-zinc, ithusi, i-aluminium, isilivere, igolide ...) ngokuzaliswa, kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo banombala ompunga. Zithandwa kakhulu, kwaye azibizi kakhulu. Ziziphatha kakuhle ngokwemigaqo ye-thermal conductivity, zikwazi ukuhlisa ubushushu ukuya kwi-6ºC kwezinye iimeko. Nangona kunjalo, banengxaki, kwaye kukuqhuba kwabo kombane. Ngamasuntswana esinyithi, inokuhamba ngokufutshane phakathi kwabafowunelwa ukuba kukho ukuvuza.
- Iiceramics: iinqununu zokuzalisa ziyi-ceramic (i-zinc oxide, i-silicon dioxide, i-aluminium oxide, ...), inika ukukhanya okungwevu okanye imibala emhlophe. Ingongoma eyomeleleyo yezi silicones ze-thermal kukuba zibiza kakhulu kwaye zine-conductivity yombane ephantsi, ngoko ke zikhuselekile xa kukho ukuvuza. Nangona kunjalo, i-thermal conductivity yabo imbi kakhulu, ngoko baya kunceda kuphela ukuthoba ubushushu be-1 ukuya kwi-3ºC xa kuthelekiswa ne-interface engayisebenzisiyo.
- Ikhabhoni: zibiza kakhulu kwaye zintsha, kodwa zinika iziphumo ezingcono. Ngokuqhelekileyo zijoliswe kwiinkqubo ezifuna ukutshatyalaliswa kobushushu obukhulu, obufana ne-chips overclocked, ukusebenza okuphezulu okanye izixhobo eziphezulu zamandla, njl. Zisekelwe kumasuntswana afana nothuli lwedayimani, igraphene oxide, njl. Kule meko iipropathi ziphantse zigqibelele, kuba kwelinye icala zine-conductivity ye-thermal efanelekileyo kakhulu njengezo zetsimbi, kwaye kwelinye zine-conductivity ephantsi kakhulu yombane efana ne-ceramics.
- Isinyithi esilulwelo: Aziqhelekanga kangako, kodwa zihlala zisetyenziswa ngabavelisi abathile okanye abathanda iibhloko zeheatsink zeeyunithi zokulungisa njl.njl. Nangona zineempawu ezilungileyo zokulahla, nokuba zingcono kunezo zisekelwe kwisinyithi, olu lunye uhlobo luhlala lubiza kwaye lunokusabela ngeeheatsinks ze-aluminium, kuba zisebenzisa isinyithi ezifana ne-indium okanye i-gallium.
- Iingxube: Kukho nezinye iipasti ze-thermal hybridi, oko kukuthi, zixuba amacandelo ahlukeneyo okuzalisa njengesiseko sokuphucula iimpawu.
Yiyiphi imveliso yokuthenga?
Ukuba ufuna ukuthenga imveliso yokuncamathelisa eshushu, nazi ezinye iibrendi ezingcono kunye neenketho ozifumana kwimarike:
- Iipads ezishushu okanye iipads: ADWITS
- Intlama ye-thermal eHybrid: Noctua NT-H1
- I-Ceramic: Akukho mveliso ifunyenweyo
- Yentsimbi: ISilivere yeArtic 5
- Isekwe kwikhabhoni: UMenzi weGel oMphathi weGel opholileyo