Mhlawumbi uvile IPM chips, okanye mhlawumbi abaziva baqhelekile kuwe konke konke. Nangona kunjalo, banezicelo ezininzi kumacandelo ahlukeneyo oshishino kunye kwiiprojekthi ze-DIY ezineenjini, umzekelo, ngoko kweli nqaku siza kuxubusha ngazo ukuze bangabi namfihlo kuwe.
Ezi sekethe ezidibeneyo Zinokuba luncedo kakhulu, njengoko uza kubona, kwaye unokuzifumana kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo okanye kubavelisi abahlukeneyo, njenge-Infineon, i-STMicroelectronics, njl.
Yintoni i-IPM?
Un Imodyuli yamandla akrelekrele okanye i-IPM (iModyuli yaMandla akrelekrele) Sisixhobo esiqhubela phambili, esikwi-chip solid-state sitshintsha amandla. Igama elithi "imodyuli yamandla" libhekisela kubukho becandelo lokutshintsha amandla (ngokuqhelekileyo i-transistor yohlobo lwe-IGBT), kwaye imodyuli "ihlakaniphile" kuba iquka ulawulo olongezelelweyo kunye nokukhusela isiphaluka. Injongo kukwandisa ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokuququzelela uyilo kunye nokuphunyezwa kwesisombululo sonke.
IPMs zisebenzisa izixhobo ze-semiconductor ukwenzela ukutshintshwa kwamandla aphezulu. Ezi zixhobo zinokuba yi-FET, i-BJT okanye i-IGBT, eyona nto ixhaphake kakhulu, nangona yonke into iya kuxhomekeka kwisicelo esiza kusetyenziswa kuso le IC.
I-IPM ibandakanya okungaphezulu nje kokuvula nokuvala i-transistor, kwaye idibanisa iimpawu ezibalulekileyo njengoko zinokuba:
- Iisekethe zokuqhuba isango-Bamele basebenzise amandla ombane afanelekileyo kwaye babonelele ngezixa ezikhulu zangoku ukuze batshintshe ngokukhawuleza.
- Ingqiqo yokuqhuba isango- Inokuthi ilungiselelwe ukukhusela i-IGBT ephezulu kunye necala eliphantsi ukuba liqhube ngaxeshanye. Lo msebenzi waziwa njengokhuseleko lohambo, uthintelo lwe-cross conduction, okanye i-interlock circuits.
- Iisekethe zokukhusela- Kufuneka bakwazi ukufumanisa kunye nokujongana ne-overcurrent, overvoltage, i-short circuit kunye neemeko zokungabikho kwamandla.
- Ukusebenza konxibelelwano- Ukuba inkqubo idinga ukugcina iilogi zeziganeko eziphosakeleyo okanye amaqondo okushisa okusebenzayo, uhlobo oluthile lomsebenzi wonxibelelwano luya kufuneka.
- Ukulungiswa kwezinto ezinamandla (PFC)- Ezinye izicelo zifuna ulungiso lwamandla (PFC).
Phakathi kwee-IPM kwimarike, sinokufumana inani elikhulu leemodeli, ezinye zazo yenziwe ziinkampani ezifana ne-Infineon okanye i-STMicroelectronics, kwaye ubukhulu becala benzelwe icandelo lezemoto, kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zolawulo lweenjini, nangona zinokufumaneka kwezinye izicelo ezininzi...
Iintlobo okanye iintsapho
Las iintsapho zezi modyuli IPM Urhwebo ngamanye amaxesha lunokwahlulwa ngokweempawu ezifana nezi:
- indawo yokudlala: Zidityaniswe kakhulu kunye neemodyuli zamandla adibeneyo. Ziyilelwe ukuqhuba iimotor kwizicelo ukusuka kwizinto zombane ukuya kwiifeni, iimpompo kunye neeyunithi zokuqhuba injongo ngokubanzi. Zikwabandakanya i-CIPOS Nano kunye ne-Micro series, phakathi kwezinye, eyintsapho ye-ultra-compact kunye neemodyuli zamandla ezidityanisiweyo kakhulu kubathengi, izicelo zokuhlala kunye ne-industrial light. Kukho neenkqubo ezithathu.
- Umgangatho: Zomelele kwaye zilula uyilo lwenkqubo yokuqhuba iimoto. Ibandakanya iimveliso ezivela kumphezulu oxhonyiweyo we-CIPOS Tiny, Nano, Micro and Mini ukuya kwiimodyuli ze-CIPOS eziqhelekileyo ezigubungela uluhlu lwamandla ukusuka kwi-20W ukuya kwi-5kW.
- ukwenza: yenzelwe izicelo zamandla aphezulu kakhulu okanye izicelo ezifuna ukusebenza okuphezulu ngokubhekiselele ekusebenzeni kwamandla, ubuninzi bamandla, ukuqina kwenkqubo kunye nokuthembeka xa kuthelekiswa nangaphambili.
Nganye yenzelwe izicelo ezahlukeneyo okanye iimfuno, eziya kuxhomekeka kwinto oyifunayo.
Ukusetyenziswa kwee-IPMs
Los IPM inxulumene kakhulu nolawulo lwemoto, kodwa zikwasetyenziswa kwiinkqubo zamandla ezingaphazamisekiyo, ii-inverters kunye neenkqubo zamandla ahlaziyekayo, njl. Ke ngoko, banokufumaneka kubuninzi bezixhobo, ezinje:
- Ulawulo lwenjini yemoto- Ii-IPM zibalulekile kulawulo lweemoto ngenxa yokukwazi ukuphatha imisinga ephezulu kunye nombane, kunye nokukwazi ukubonelela ngokhuseleko kunye nokulawula.
- Iinkqubo zaMandla ezingaphazamisekiyo (UPS)-Isetyenziswa kwi-UPS/UPS ukubonelela ngomthombo wamandla othembekileyo nongaguqukiyo.
- Iziguquli/iziguquli: ikwakhona kwiisistim zokuguqula umsinga othe ngqo ube ngumsinga otshintshanayo.
- Iinkqubo zamandla ahlaziyekayo: Ii-IPM zinokuba kwiinkqubo ezifana neenkqubo zamandla elanga nezomoya, ukuguqula nokulawula amandla avelisiweyo.
- Izixhobo zasekhaya: ukulawula iinjini kunye namanye amalungu afuna amandla.