Njengoko sele uyazi, kukho isoftware yasimahla, isoftware yomthombo ovulekileyo ekwabonelela ngothotho lwenkululeko. Emva kwexesha le ndlela isasazeke kwi-hardware, ifikelela kwi hardware libre, inkitha yoyilo lwehardware evulekileyo apho zonke iinkcukacha zinokuthi zaziwa. Kodwa ngaba uyazi ukuba oku kuye kwafika unxibelelwano ye-IoT, njl. Ewe ewe, kukho okubizwayo unxibelelwano lwasimahla.
Siza kunamathela kubo kwelinye inqaku, ukuze ubazi ngokusondeleyo kunye nendlela onokuzisebenzisa ngayo ezi Iitshaneli zonxibelelwano zasimahla nezivulelekileyo kumntu wonke.
Intshayelelo: imizekelo
El Software Free, eyaziwa ngokuba yinto engeyiyo yobunikazi kunye nokungabikho kweendleko zelayisensi, yavela njengempendulo kwi-software yabucala kwiminyaka ye-1980. Imizekelo ephawulekayo iquka i-OpenOffice, i-Mozilla Firefox, kunye ne-Linux kernel ngokwayo, mhlawumbi eyona nxalenye yesofthiwe esetyenziswa kakhulu. ibe nefuthe ekwandeni kolu hlobo lwesoftware. Isici sayo esahlukileyo kukuba ikhowudi yayo isesidlangalaleni, ivumela nabani na onolwazi olwaneleyo ukuba aguqule isoftware ngokweemfuno zabo. Le ndlela ikwabizwa ngokuba ngumthombo ovulekileyo okanye "umthombo wasimahla", nangona isoftware yasimahla ayifani nesoftware yomthombo ovulekileyo, nangona zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi njengezithethantonye kwaye akukho mahluko, kodwa umahluko kukuba isimahla igxile ekuziphatheni, ngelixa umthombo ovulekileyo usebenza nje.
Kamva, ingcamango ye Hardware Libre, ibonakaliswe ngeeprojekthi ezifana ne-Arduino, apho abasebenzisi banokufikelela kwizicwangciso zesixhobo kunye neekhowudi, ukukhuthaza indlela "yenza ngokwakho" okanye i-DIY (Yenza ngokwakho). Zombini iikhonsepthi zisekwe ekwabelaneni ngolwazi kunye nenkqubela phambili yokuqhubela phambili itekhnoloji kunye noluntu. Kutshanje, imfuno yomgangatho omtsha kule ndawo yaqatshelwa: unxibelelwano lwasimahla, yiloo nto esiza kuxoxa ngayo kweli nqaku ...
Yintoni unxibelelwano lwasimahla?
Njengoko usazi, ihlabathi lonxibelelwano ngefowuni lizele unxibelelwano oluvaliweyo, oko kukuthi, itekhnoloji yonxibelelwano lobunikazi okanye iinkqubo ekufuneka uzihlawulele ukusetyenziswa kwazo. Sinemizekelo eyaziwayo yolu hlobo lonxibelelwano kwiinkonzo esizisebenzisa yonke imihla, ezifana ne-LTE yokuqhagamshelwa kwedatha engenazingcingo efana ne-4G okanye i-5GH yangoku, okanye iifowuni zelizwi ezivela kwiinkampani ezifana ne-Movistar, i-Vodafone, i-Orange, njl., ukudlula kwi-fiber optics, i-ADSL okanye i-WiMAX esinayo kumakhaya kunye neeofisi ukuba ziqhagamshelwe kwi-Intanethi, njl.
Zonke zibuchwephesha obufuna iziseko zophuhliso ezibizayo kwaye iinkampani "zirenta" ngokuhlawula umrhumo wenyanga woku, zikwazi ukusebenzisa amajelo azo onxibelelwano. Kwelinye icala, ngokuchasene nezi nkqubo zonxibelelwano sikwanazo neenkqubo zonxibelelwano. unxibelelwano lwasimahla, oko kukuthi, ezo unokuzisebenzisa simahla, ngaphandle kokuhlawula ukuzisebenzisa. Ezi nkqubo, ewe, nazo zifuna iziseko zophuhliso ukuze zisebenze, kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo azibizi njengezo zangaphambili, kwaye ngabantu boluntu ngokwabo abajongene nokudibanisa i-eriyali, iingcingo kunye nezinye izixhobo eziyimfuneko kuyo. ukusebenza, ngendlela engathandekiyo ngokupheleleyo. Ngale ndlela, bandisa ukhuselo lothungelwano ekuhlaleni, kwingingqi kwaye banokuya kwinqanaba lelizwe lothungelwano, kunye nohlobo lokuzulazula kwinqanaba laseYurophu kwimeko ethile.
Ngale ndlela, asiyi kuba nomboneleli wonxibelelwano wasimahla, kodwa siya kuba sisithutha sonxibelelwano ukuze sikwazi ukusebenzisa le nethiwekhi yonxibelelwano ngaphandle kwentlawulo. Kuya kufuneka uyihlawule kuphela izixhobo eziyimfuneko ukuseka olu nxibelelwano, olufana nee-eriyali, abamkeli kunye nee-transmitters, njl. Nje ukuba utyalo-mali lokuqala lwenziwe, uya kukwazi ukusebenzisa unxibelelwano kangangoko ufuna ngaphandle kokuhlawula iifizi zaluphi na uhlobo, okanye imirhumo, imirhumo, njl. Konke simahla, ngaphandle nabani na olawula ukusetyenziswa oza kukunika, ngaphandle kwemida ngaphandle kwemida yendalo yenethiwekhi ngokwayo.
I-TTN (Uthungelwano Lwezinto)
Nangona kukho ezinye, enye yezona projekthi zithembisayo zonxibelelwano lwasimahla yile ibizwa ngokuba I-TTN (Uthungelwano Lwezinto), eyinkqubo yenethiwekhi esebenzisa uqhagamshelwano olwaziwayo-kakuhle LORA. Sele sithethile ngolu hlobo lokuqhagamshelwa ngaphandle kwamacingo kwelinye inqaku, kwaye inyaniso kukuba inomdla kakhulu, nangona imida yayo yobugcisa.
Kule meko, usebenzisa isiseko se-LORA kunye nomsebenzi we-TTN, sinokusebenzisa unxibelelwano lwamahhala, olungenandleko, olukhululekile ngokupheleleyo kwizicelo ezininzi kunye neeprojekthi ezininzi. Kwaye konke kunye nokhuseleko olunokuthi yasasazeka kulo lonke elaseYurophu, enika umdla kakhulu kwiiprojekthi zamazwe ngamazwe. Ukuba uyafuna unako sebenzisa le mephu kwiwebhusayithi esemthethweni ngokwayo I-TTN ukujonga ukuba kukho ukhuseleko lwale nethiwekhi kwindawo yakho, okanye unako jonga i-coverage apha. Njengoko ubona, eSpain kukho ukugubungela okulungileyo, ngakumbi kwiindawo ezifana neMadrid kunye neendawo ezingqongileyo, iBarcelona kunye neendawo ezingqongileyo, iMalaga kunye neendawo ezingqongileyo, njl.
Le network yaqala ukusekwa apho ngo-2015, kunye neendawo zokuqala kunye nee-eriyali ezifakwe eAmsterdam. Abantu abatsha basebenzise intelekelelo yabo ukuseka olu thungelwano lwasimahla, oluvulekileyo, olunatyisiweyo kunye nonxibelelwano lwasimahla. Kwiiveki nje ezimbalwa, babesele beneempondo ezingaphezu kweshumi elinesibini, yaye ngokuthe ngcembe bakhula de basigubungela sonke isixeko samaDatshi, baza kamva banda ngaphaya kwesi sixeko, banqumla nemida. Umbono wokuqala yayikukusebenzisa i-geolocation yeebhayisekile eziqashisayo kunye nezikhephe ezigcwele kwesi sixeko. Nangona kamva ziye zasetyenziselwa ezinye izicelo ezininzi, ezifana nokulinganisa ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi, ubushushu, ukukhanya, i-IoT, njl.
Njengoko benditshilo, i-TTN isebenzisa itekhnoloji ye LORA uqhagamshelwano olungenazintambo, enika uluhlu olubanzi lokugubungela. I-eriyali nganye kule nethiwekhi isebenza njengeSango, kwaye inokufikelela kwindawo efikelela kwi-15 km, ivumela iindawo ezinkulu ukuba zigqunywe ngee-eriyali ezimbalwa. Ngokuqinisekileyo, inethiwekhi ye-LORA ayinayo i-fiber okanye i-5G, ndithetha ukuba inomkhawulokudonsa olinganiselweyo, ngoko ayinakusetyenziselwa izicelo ezithile ezifana nokusasaza, ukulayisha okanye ukukhuphela inani elikhulu ledatha, njl. Yenzelwe ukuba idle kancinci kakhulu, kunye notshintshiselwano lwedatha elula, efana nemiyalezo okanye imiyalelo.
Emva koko iye yanda kwezinye izixeko kwaye yasebenzisa kwiindawo zaseBelgium naseNetherlands ngokwayo, igubungela phantse i-100% yendawo ehlala abantu, eyaba yimpumelelo. Kwaye ukusuka apha yayiza kuqala ukusasazeka kwamanye amazwe ngamanye amavolontiya amaninzi aqala ukufaka awo amasango okanye i-eriyali. Kwi-2018, iindawo ezinogubungela zaqala ukubonwa eSpain, ngakumbi eMadrid, Barcelona, Valencia, Zaragoza, Málaga, Granada, njl. Kancinci kancinci le mimandla iye yakhula de ifikeleleke phantse kulo lonke elaseYurophu.
Kodwa inethiwekhi ayenzi kuphela i-antennas yokudlulisa kunye nokwamkela, ifuna kwakhona iseva, isiseko sezobuchwepheshe esibonelela ngenkonzo. Kulapho yangena khona emfanekisweni. TTN, ukwakha i-backend yonke iyimfuneko kolu thungelwano kwaye ngaloo ndlela ixhasa onke amasango asasazwa kwihlabathi liphela. Ngombulelo kulo mncedisi, ungathumela kwaye ufumane imiyalezo, ulawule ukudibanisa namanye amaqonga, njl.
Enkosi kuko konke oku, kukho ngoku ubuninzi beeprojekthi ezithatha ithuba lokhuselo olukhulu kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla aphantsi abonelelwa yiLORA. Umzekelo, sinezivamvo ezikude ezixela imilinganiselo kumgama omde, iiprojekthi ze-IoT zazo zonke iintlobo zokuzenzela, ukujonga imfuyo ngophawu lweGPS, indawo yemoto, nokunye okuninzi. Kwaye unokwenza iprojekthi yakho njengomenzi, ekubeni i-TTN kunye ne-LORA zenzelwe ngokukodwa i-DIY, ngoko umda unokuba yingcamango yakho ... Kwaye konke okukhululekile, ngelixa usebenzisa ezinye iinethiwekhi zentlawulo ziza kubandakanya iindleko eziphezulu zokusetyenziswa kwezoshishino, ezolimo, imfuyo, iiprojekthi zamakhaya, njl.
Ulwazi oluninzi kwi-TTN kunye nokuthengwa kwezixhobo eziyimfuneko