Enye ye I-stepper motor edume kakhulu yi-28BYJ-48. Ngemuva kwendatshana ebikhishwe kule blog, kufanele ngabe usuvele uyazi konke okudingayo ngalolu hlobo lwenjini ngokunemba lapho ungalawula khona ithuba ukuze liqhubekele phambili kancane noma lihlale limi endaweni oyifunayo. Lokho kubavumela ukuthi babe nenqwaba yezicelo, kusuka ezimbonini, kuye kumarobhothi, ngokusebenzisa ezinye eziningi ongazicabanga.
I-28BYJ-48 incane uhlobo lwe-unipolar stepper motor, futhi kulula ukuyihlanganisa ne-Arduino, ngoba inemodeli yomshayeli / isilawuli semodeli ye-ULN2003A evame ukufakwa nayo. Konke ngentengo eshibhile nosayizi ohlangene kahle. Lezo zici futhi zikwenza kube kuhle ukuqala ukuzijwayeza ngalawa madivayisi.
Izici ze-28BYJ-48
Imoto 28BYJ-498 Kuyinto motor stepper ukuthi unezici ezilandelayo:
- I-Tipo: i-stepper motor noma i-unipolar stepper
- Izigaba: 4 (isinyathelo esigcwele), njengoba kunamakhoyili ama-4 ngaphakathi.
- Ukuphikiswa: 50 Ω.
- I-motor torque: 34 N / m, okungukuthi, uma amaNewtons ngemitha ngayinye edluliselwe kuKg, kungaba ngamandla alingana nokubeka cishe u-0.34 Kg nge-cm ku-eksisi yawo. Kwanele ukuphakamisa nge-pulley ngaphezulu kwengxenye yesine yekhilo.
- Ukusetshenziswangi :55mA
- Izinyathelo ethangeni ngalinye: Uhlobo lwesinyathelo esingu-8 uhhafu (45º lilinye)
- U-gearbox odidiyelwe: yebo, 1/64, ngakho-ke ihlukanisa igxathu ngalinye libe yizincanyana ezingama-64 ngokunemba okukhulu, ngakho-ke, lifinyelela ezinyathelweni ezingama-512 zika-0.7º lilinye. Noma kungabonakala njengezinyathelo ezigcwele ezingama-256 ethangeni ngalinye (isinyathelo esigcwele).
Izinyathelo ezigcwele noma eziyingxenye, noma izinyathelo ezigcwele nengxenye, yizindlela ongasebenza kuzo. Uma ukhumbula, kundatshana yama-stepper motors ngathi isibonelo se-Arduino IDE sisebenza nge-torque ephelele.
Ngeminye imininingwane, unga landa idatha yakho yedatha, njenge ukwenza isibonelo. Ngokuqondene ne-pinout, akudingeki ukhathazeke kakhulu, yize futhi ungabona imininingwane kudathasethi lemodeli oyithengile. Kepha le khonkrithi inokuxhumeka okukuvumela ukuthi uxhume zonke izintambo ngasikhathi sinye, ngaphandle kokukhathazeka ngokuhlukaniswa noma lapho ngayinye iya khona, vele ufake isilawuli ne-voila ...
Ngokuqondene nesilawuli semoto noma umshayeli ofakiwe kule moto engu-28BYJ-48, unayo i-ULN2003A, enye yezinto ezithandwa kakhulu futhi ongazisebenzisa ne-Arduino kalula. Inezinhlobonhlobo zama-transistors aseDarlington asekela kuze kufike ku-500mA futhi inezikhonkwane zokuxhuma zokuxhumanisa amakhoyili ama-4 nezikhonkwane zebhodi le-Arduino elinenombolo kusuka ku-IN1 kuye ku-IN4, njengoba ubonile ku-stepper motor athikili engiyishilo ekuqaleni. Kusuka ku-Arduino, ungaba nezintambo kusuka kuphini we-5v no-GND kuya ezikhonkweni ezimbili ebhodini lemodyuli yomshayeli ezimakwe - + (5-12v) ukunika amandla ibhodi nemoto ehamba phambili.
Ngendlela, nge Abashintshi baseDarlington Kuvunyelwe ukusebenzisa ama-transistor we-bipolar abekwe ndawonye futhi asebenze njenge-transistor eyodwa. Lokhu kukhulisa kakhulu ukuzuza kwesiginali ku-'transistor 'eyodwa evelayo, futhi kuvumela nemisinga ephakeme namandla okuqhutshwa.
El IDarlington pair, njengoba "i-transistor" eyodwa eyenziwe yinhlanganisela yama-transistor amabili e-bipolar yaziwa. Ivela eBell Labs ngo-1952, nguSidney Darlington, yingakho igama layo. Lezi transistors zixhunywe ngendlela yokuthi i-NPN eyodwa umqoqi wayo axhumeke kumqoqi we-transistor yesibili ye-NPN. Ngenkathi okhipha eyokuqala eya esisekelweni sesibili. Lokho wukuthi, i-transistor noma i-pair evelayo inezixhumanisi ezintathu njenge-transistor eyodwa. Isisekelo se-transistor yokuqala nomqoqi / umthumeli we-transistor yesibili ...
Ungayithenga kuphi imoto
I-Los ungathola ezitolo eziningi ezikhethekile kwezobuchwepheshe, futhi naku-inthanethi njenge-Amazon. Isibonelo, ungazithenga ku:
- Cishe nge- € 6 ungaba ne- Injini ye-28BYJ-48 enesimo somshayeli.
- Ayikho imikhiqizo etholakele. nezintambo zokuxhuma kwayo, uma kwenzeka udinga motor engaphezu kweyodwa irobhothi noma iphrojekthi oyenzayo ...
Ukuhlela ama-28BYJ-48 nge-Arduino
Okokuqala, kufanele caca ngemibono yesithuthuthu esihamba kancane, ngakho-ke ngiyakuncoma funda indatshana kaHwlibre ngalezi zinto. Lawa ma-motors awakhelwanga ukuthi ondliwe ngokuqhubekayo, kepha ukuwagcoba ezigabeni zawo ezahlukahlukene ukuze athuthukise kuphela iziqu esizifunayo. Ukuze uthokozise izigaba futhi ulawule ukuzungeza kwe-shaft, kuzodingeka ukondle ukuxhumana ngakunye kahle.
Umenzi uncoma ukushayela amakhoyili ama-2 ngasikhathi.
- Ukuze kusebenze nge-torque ephezulu, ngejubane elisheshayo nokusetshenziswa okuphezulu, ungasebenzisa leli thebula:
| Paso | Ikhoyili A | Ikhoyili B | Ikhoyili C | Ikhoyili D |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | HIGH | HIGH | LOW | LOW |
| 2 | LOW | HIGH | HIGH | LOW |
| 3 | LOW | LOW | HIGH | HIGH |
| 4 | HIGH | LOW | LOW | HIGH |
- Ukujabulisa ikhoyili eyodwa kuphela ngasikhathi sinye, futhi uyenze isebenze kumodi ye-wave drive (noma uhhafu, kepha ukusetshenziswa okuphansi), ungasebenzisa ithebula elilandelayo:
| Paso | Ikhoyili A | Ikhoyili B | Ikhoyili C | Ikhoyili D |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | HIGH | LOW | LOW | LOW |
| 2 | LOW | HIGH | LOW | LOW |
| 3 | LOW | LOW | HIGH | LOW |
| 4 | LOW | LOW | LOW | HIGH |
- Noma ngentuthuko izinyathelo ezinhlanu, ungakusebenzisa lokhu ukufeza ukunemba okukhulu kokujika ngezinyathelo ezimfushane:
| Paso | Ikhoyili A | Ikhoyili B | Ikhoyili C | Ikhoyili D |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | HIGH | LOW | LOW | LOW |
| 2 | HIGH | HIGH | LOW | LOW |
| 3 | LOW | HIGH | LOW | LOW |
| 4 | LOW | HIGH | HIGH | LOW |
| 5 | LOW | LOW | HIGH | LOW |
| 6 | LOW | LOW | HIGH | HIGH |
| 7 | LOW | LOW | LOW | HIGH |
| 8 | LOW | LOW | LOW | HIGH |
Futhi ungacabanga ... lokhu kuhlangana ngani nohlelo lwe-Arduino? Yebo iqiniso ukuthi kuningi, ngoba ungakha i-matrix noma uhlu olunamanani ku-Arduino IDE ukuze imoto ihambe ngendlela othanda ngayo, bese usebenzisa i-array efanayo ku-loop noma lapho uyidinga ... Ngokubheka ukuthi i-LOW = 0 ne-HIGH = 1, okungukuthi, ukungabikho kwamandla kagesi noma amandla amakhulu, ungadala izimpawu u-Arduino okufanele uzithumele kusilawuli ukushayela imoto. Isibonelo, ukuthatha izinyathelo eziphakathi ungasebenzisa ikhodi ye-matrix:
int Paso [ 8 ][ 4 ] =
{ {1, 0, 0, 0},
{1, 1, 0, 0},
{0, 1, 0, 0},
{0, 1, 1, 0},
{0, 0, 1, 0},
{0, 0, 1, 1},
{0, 0, 0, 1},
{1, 0, 0, 1} };
Lokho kungukuthi, ngoba ikhodi ephelele yomdwebo Kusuka ku-Arduino IDE, ungasebenzisa lesi sibonelo esiyisisekelo ukuze uvivinye ukuthi isebenza kanjani imoto yokuhamba engu-28BYJ-48. Ngayo, ungazungezisa ishaft yemoto uma usuhlanganise wonke umdwebo kahle. Zama ukuguqula amanani noma ushintshe ikhodi yohlelo lokusebenza oludingayo kuwe:
// Definir pines conectados a las bobinas del driver
#define IN1 8
#define IN2 9
#define IN3 10
#define IN4 11
// Secuencia de pasos a par máximo del motor. Realmente es una matriz que representa la tabla del unipolar que he mostrado antes
int paso [4][4] =
{
{1, 1, 0, 0},
{0, 1, 1, 0},
{0, 0, 1, 1},
{1, 0, 0, 1}
};
void setup()
{
// Todos los pines se configuran como salida, ya que el motor no enviará señal a Arduino
pinMode(IN1, OUTPUT);
pinMode(IN2, OUTPUT);
pinMode(IN3, OUTPUT);
pinMode(IN4, OUTPUT);
}
// Bucle para hacerlo girar
void loop()
{
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++)
{
digitalWrite(IN1, paso[i][0]);
digitalWrite(IN2, paso[i][1]);
digitalWrite(IN3, paso[i][2]);
digitalWrite(IN4, paso[i][3]);
delay(10);
}
}
Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, kuleli cala bekuzosebenza nge-torque ephezulu evula amakhoyili ngababili ...