Una i-breadboard, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-breadboard noma i-breadboard, ipuleti lepulasitiki elinemigodi lapho ungafaka khona izikhonkwane zezinto ze-elekthronikhi ukuzihlanganisa. I-Assembly ilula futhi ikuvumela ukuthi uhlangane futhi uhlukanise amaphrojekthi wakho wesifunda noma kunini lapho ufuna khona, ngoba akubandakanyi ukufakwa ku-soldering ku-PCB. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amapuleti ebhodi yezinkwa angaxhunyaniswa ukwakha ipuleti elikhudlwana uma iphrojekthi yakho idinga lokho.
Ngokuqondile igama le-protoboard livela ebhodini lesibonelo, ngoba ngenxa yokuthi ezindlini zepulasitiki linezimbobo, banabo oxhumana nabo abaxhunywe kolayini komunye nomunye ngamathrekhi abaqhubi mpo futhi enezingqimba, ivumela ukuxhumeka okulula nokunqanyulwa kwamadivayisi. Kungakho kuyisici esingalahleki ekhaya noma eworkshop yanoma iyiphi i-elektroniki hobbyist noma umenzi, ngoba ikuvumela ukuthi uhlole ukwakheka kwakho.
Lokho kungakuvimbela ekurekhodeni amathrekhi ungene kwi-PCB nokuthi zihlala unomphela ukudala ukwakheka okudingekayo kwesekethe. Uma usebenzisa amapuleti ane-perforated (i-perfboard noma i-stripboard), ngeke kudingeke ukuthi ushayele noma yini, ngakho-ke kuzoba lula kakhulu ukuhlanganisa, ukubeka kabusha izinto, ukuqaqa noma ukufaka noma iyiphi into ebhodini lesinkwa ...
Ukwakhiwa kwebhodi lesinkwa
I-Los Izimbobo zebhodi yesinkwa zitholakala ngokukhethekile ukuze ukwazi ukufaka noma yiluphi uhlobo lwesekethe le-DIP nezinye izinto ze-elekthronikhi ezinjenge-transistors, ama-resistors, ama-capacitors, ama-LED, ama-diode, njll. Yini ongeke ukwazi ukuyisebenzisa ngamanye ama-chip anezikhonkwane ezinhlangothini zawo ezine, njengoba, njengoba ubona esigabeni esilandelayo, imigqa ixhunywe ngendlela ethile. Futhi, ungafaki i-chip ye-DIP ezindaweni ezithile, ngoba uma izikhonkwane ohlangothini ngalunye zixhunywe komunye nomunye bekungeke kube into efanele ukwenziwa ...
Ngokuvamile, ukwakhiwa kulula. Uma uyazi ukuthi uzokwazi kanjani ukuxhuma izinto zakho ngokufanele, kusukela lapho kungaziwa, ekuqaleni kuvame ukudideka futhi amasekethe wakho kungenzeka angasebenzi futhi angaze alimale ngokuchema okungafanele ngoba awazi ukuthi imigqa nezinsika zemigodi zixhunywe kanjani.
Ukuze uzixhume kahle, kufanele uqale ucabange ipuleti njengetafula lomgodi. Ngochungechunge lwamakholomu amile akha ama-node nochungechunge lwemigqa. Okunye okuqaphelekayo yimigqa engenhla nengezansi noma amabhasi (amanye anamanye enkabeni), avame ukusetshenziselwa izixhumanisi noma izintambo zikagesi (i-voltage ne-GND).
Ungaxhuma kanjani izingxenye kahle?
Por isibonelo, esithombeni sokuxhuma ngaphezulu unayo:
- Amabhasi: ezimbili phezulu nezimbili phansi ukuze ukwazi ukuletha amandla esifundeni sakho kahle. Ungasebenzisa amasokhethi we-voltage ne-GND we-Arduino ukuze ukwazi ukuhlanganisa ibhodi lakho ne-proboboard futhi ukusuka lapho ugijime izintambo kuzindawo zokunika amandla isifunda sonke esihlanganayo. Ngendlela, kulokhu, yize kungeyona evamile, kukhona nebhasi emaphakathi ongayisebenzisa.
- Izindawo: ama-node yizinsika ezixhunywe isixhumi komunye nomunye. Okusho ukuthi, yonke ikholomu yokuqala yomgodi izovalwa ngogesi. Owesibili uyafana, kepha hhayi owokuqala nowesibili. Qaphela ukuthi ama-node ahlukaniswe phezulu nangaphansi, kanti elinye nelinye alinakho ukuxhumana ngogesi. Ngakho-ke, indlela eyiyo yokufaka i-chip ayihambisani nezinhlangothi zayo zombili nezikhonkwane ezinama-node, kepha ukuyenza ngokuvundlile futhi ezinye izikhonkwane kufanele zibe sezindaweni ezingenhla nakolunye uhlangothi ezindaweni ezingezansi. Ngaleyo ndlela, iphini ngayinye ku-chip izoba kuthrekhi ehlukile.
- Ukuxhuma: njengoba ubona, ukuxhumanisa amabhasi nama-node udinga ukubeka izintambo. Futhi ukuxhuma ama-node noma amakholomu ahlukahlukene.
- Xhuma amabhodi amaningi: Noma kungaveli esithombeni, amapuleti anezixhumi ezihlangana ndawonye njengephazili ukuze amapuleti axhunyiwe anganyakazi, kepha ngeke kube khona ukuxhumana kagesi phakathi kwabo uma ungakwenzi ngokubeka izintambo ukusuka kokunye kuye omunye.
- Izinombolo: kokunye ama-node abaliwe ukwenza kube lula kuwe, futhi amabhasi abuye abhalwe uphawu lwe- + ne - ukuze ungabi nokudideka, yize ukwazi ukuxhuma ugesi ngendlela othanda ngayo, inqobo nje uma ukwahlukaniswa kwesifunda sakho kulungile.
Ungathenga kuphi?
Ungabathola ezitolo eziningi ze-elekthronikhi, futhi ku-Amazon. Ziza ngobukhulu obuhlukahlukene, ngokwesibonelo Ibhodi lesinkwa lemigodi engama-400 noma i Ibhodi lesinkwa lemigodi engama-830 ezikhudlwana ngandlela thize. Usuvele uyazi ukuthi ungathenga eyodwa noma ngaphezulu ukuwaxhumanisa futhi ngaleyo ndlela wakhe ibhodi yezinkwa enkulu kakhulu uma uyidinga ...
Ngemuva kwalokhu, i-breadboard izoba ngumngane wakho omkhulu we-Arduino!