Izinhlobo ze-RAM: konke odinga ukukwazi ngememori eyinhloko

La Imemori ye-RAM yekhompyutha ingenye yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu nezifiseleka kakhulu, ngoba ziletha isivinini kusistimu yakho. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezinhlobo eziningi ze-RAM, futhi ngayinye inezici ezithile umsebenzisi okufanele aziqaphele ukuze azi ukuthi ngabe imodyuli iyahambisana yini noma cha ngemishini yabo noma uma izonikeza ukusebenza okungaphezulu noma okuncane. Eziningi zalezi zici zobuchwepheshe azaziwa ngokuphelele kubasebenzisi abaningi.

Ngakho-ke, kule ndatshana ngikukhombisa konke odinga ukukwazi ngememori ye-RAM, ukuze ngesikhathi esizayo lapho uthenga imodyuli yokwandisa inkumbulo yekhompyutha yakho, ngeke ibe nezimfihlo kuwe. Uma ufuna ube inkumbulo eyiqiniso "uchwepheshe" Uhlobo lwe-RAM, qhubeka ufunda ...

Umlando omncane

Ingemuva

I-Las amakhompyutha adinga imemori ukugcina izinhlelo (idatha nemiyalo). Ekuqaleni, amakhompyutha ngawo-30 ayesebenzisa amakhadi e-punch. Kwakungamashidi amakhadibhodi noma enye into enezimbobo ezenziwe ngobuchule ukuze ikhompyutha ikwazi ukuhumusha lezo zimbobo njengekhodi kanambambili. Ngaleyo ndlela izinhlelo zazilayishwa. Kwakungowesifazane oweza nala makhadi we-punch, ikakhulukazi I-Ada Lovelace (Ada Byron). I-Ada ibithathwa njenge umqambi wokuqala yomlando, ngomsebenzi wakhe wokwenza injini edumile yokuhlaziya kaCharles Babbage isebenziseke.

Kancane kancane imishini yavela. Ngokufika kwe-ENIAC, ngo-1946, yayisebenzisa ama-vacuum valve ukwakha izinkumbulo ezinama-flip-flops. La ma-valve abangela izinkinga eziningi ngenxa yokungathembeki kwawo, ukwakhiwa kwawo bekufana namalambu akhanyayo futhi ashisa kanjena, ngakho-ke bekufanele ashintshwe njalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, babeshiswa futhi badla inani elikhulu lamandla.

Kwakudingeka okuthile okuhlukile ku- I-elekthronikhi uma ufuna ukuthuthuka. Ngo-1953, izinkumbulo ezi-ferrite zaqala ukusetshenziswa. Futhi kuze kube ngo-1968 lapho i-IBM yaklama khona inkumbulo yokuqala esekwe semiconductor. Le nkumbulo yesimo esiqinile ixazulule izinkinga zangaphambilini, inikeze ukuthembeka okukhulu, ukuqina nokushesha. Inamandla angama-64-bit, kepha into ethakazelisa kakhulu ukuthi ama-memory chips wokuqala abekade ezahlala.

Ngomlando omningi, amafomethi wememori ehlukile, njengamateyipu kazibuthe, amadiski e-floppy, imidiya yokukhanya (i-CD, iDVD,…), ama-hard hard drive (i-HDD), izinkumbulo ze-semiconductor (i-SSD, i-RAM, amarejista, i-buffer / i-cache, i-ROM,…), njll

Ngalesi sikhathi, kufanele kuthiwe esikhathini esidlule kuphela izinga lememori. Inkumbulo emaphakathi lapho kwakukhona uhlelo. Kepha ekuguqukeni kwekhompyutha, ezinye izinkumbulo ezihlelwayo zezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zafakwa kwaze kwavela izinkumbulo ezisheshayo ezifana ne-RAM.

Ukufika kwe-RAM

Lapho i-RAM ifika, amakhompyutha aqala ukuba nezigaba ezimbili zememori. Ngakolunye uhlangothi kwakukhunjulwa umthamo omkhulu, isivinini esiphansi futhi eshibhile, njengoba inkumbulo yesibili. Le memori yesibili yi-hard disk, okwamanje eguquke isuka kuma-magnetic hard drive (HDD), yaya kuma-hard hard state njengamanje asuselwa kuma-semiconductors noma kuma-SSD.

Ngenkathi i inkumbulo eyinhloko noma eyinhloko yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi yi-RAM (Imemori Yokufinyelela Okungahleliwe noma Imemori Yokufinyelela Okungahleliwe). Le nkumbulo ishesha izikhathi eziningana kunememori yesibili, kepha amandla ayo aphansi kakhulu, ngoba intengo yayo iphezulu futhi bekungasebenzeki ukuba namandla amakhulu kakhulu.

Ukugcwalisa imemori yesibili ephezulu yokugcina izinhlelo zethu nedatha, ngememori ephakathi nendawo esheshayo phakathi kweyesibili neyunithi yokucubungula, isivinini esengeziwe singanikezwa ngaphandle kokudela amandla aphezulu. Ku-RAM bazoya ukulayishwa kwemiyalo nedatha kusuka kuzinqubo noma izinhlelo ezisebenzayo ukuze i-CPU ikwazi ukuyifinyelela ngaphandle kokufinyelela kwimemori yesibili, okungahamba kancane kakhulu.

Futhi, i-RAM uhlobo lwe inkumbulo eguquguqukayo Ilahlekelwa okuqukethwe kwayo uma kususwa ugesi. Ngeke kube nokwenzeka ukuba nalolu hlobo lwememori kuphela, ngoba njalo lapho imishini icishiwe, konke bekuzolahleka. Kungakho izinkumbulo zesibili zisadingeka. Kuyizikhumbuzo zaphakade ezingadingi ukuba namandla aqhubekayo okugcina amanani.

Uma uthanda umlando, i Umugqa wesikhathi we-RAM kufingqiwe ngu:

• Enye yezinkumbulo zokuqala ze-RAM kwakungukuthi amandla kazibuthe ka-1949. Ingxenyana ngayinye yayigcinwa ku-toroid of ferromagnetic material. Ucezu ngalunye lwalungamamilimitha ambalwa ububanzi, ngakho-ke kuthatha isikhala esiningi nokukhawulela umthamo. Kepha bekungcono impela kunokudlulisela kanye nolayini bokulibaziseka balolu hlobo lwememori yokufinyelela engahleliwe.
• Ngo-1969 ama-RAM okuqala adalwe nge-Intel semiconductors ayezofika. Ngama-chips afana ne-3101 64-bit. Ngonyaka olandelayo wethule Inkumbulo ye-DRAM ye-1 KB (chip 1103), ebeka izisekelo zezinkumbulo zokufinyelela ezingahleliwe zamanje. Eqinisweni, i-DRAM izoba yindinganiso, ngakho-ke ukwakhiwa kwe-IBM kwakuthathe imboni.
• Eminyakeni eyalandela zizoqhubeka nokwenza miniaturized, ngamachips anomthamo owandayo nokusebenza, kuze kube yilapho ama-SIPP nama-DIPs eqala ukulahlwa ukuqala ukusebenzisa awamanje. Amamojula we-SIMM (Imodyuli Engaphakathi Komugqa Wodwa), okungukuthi, amamojula anabo bonke oxhumana nabo ohlangothini olulodwa. Lokho kwenze kwaba lula ukushintsha i-RAM futhi ukungeza sengathi ngamakhadi wokunweba.
• Ekupheleni kweminyaka yama-80s, ubuchwepheshe bama-processor babenza bashesha kakhulu kunama-RAM, akhiqiza okubalulekile amabhodlela. Kwakudingeka ukukhuphula umkhawulokudonsa kanye nesivinini sokufinyelela kwama-chip memory memory.
• Ubuchwepheshe obuningi iqale ukufika ukunciphisa le bhodlela, njenge-FPM RAM (i-Fast Page Mode RAM) ubuchwepheshe, obukhuthazwe yi-Burst Mode ye-Intel 80486. Imodi yokukhuluma ekhulise ukufinyelela, ngezikhathi zokufinyelela ezingama-70 noma ama-60 ns.
• I-EDO RAM, o Ukuphuma kwedatha, kuzofika ngonyaka we-1994 ngezikhathi zokufinyelela ezingama-40 noma ama-30 ns. Ukuthuthuka okuncike kulokhu bekuyi-BEDO, iBurst EDO, ithole ukuthuthuka okungu-50% kune-EDO.
• I-Las izinkumbulo ezisheshayo zazingezama-microprocessor, njengamarejista asuselwa kumaseli i-SRAM (Static RAM). Kepha kubiza kakhulu ukuthola amakhono amakhulu ngazo, ngakho-ke bezingasebenzi naphezu kokusebenza okuhle abanakho. Kungakho behliselwe kuma-buffers amancane noma kumarejista amancane kakhulu we-CPU. Ngalesi sizathu, i-EDO, i-BEDO, i-FPM, ibisolohlobo lwe-DRAM.
• Ngo-1992, iSamsung yakha i-chip yokuqala yezentengiso SDRAM (Synchronous Dynamic RAM), indinganiso yamanje.
• Ukusuka lapha kuqhubeke, wonke ama-RAM ayesuselwa kumaseli wememori we-SDRAM. Omunye wabokuqala ukuvela kwakuyi- I-Rambus kusuka ku-Intel, okudlule ngaphandle kobuhlungu noma inkazimulo phambi kwe-SDR RAM eshibhile (i-Single Data Rate RAM).
• Ukwenza ngcono ukusebenza kwangaphambilini nokunganyusi intengo njengakwisimo seRambus, i-DDR izofika (I-Dual Data Rate). I-DDR ivumele ukudluliselwa eziteshini ezimbili ngasikhathi sinye kumjikelezo wewashi ngalinye, iphinda kabili ukusebenza kwe-SDR.
• Futhi kusuka ku-DDR, uyazi ukuthi umlando uqhubeke kanjani ngokuvela kwefayela le- I-DDR2, DDR3, DDR4, DDR5, ...

... kepha bekunganele

Ikhompyutha ifuna ukusebenza okwengeziwe. I- Ama-HDD aguqukele kuma-SSD ngokushesha okukhulu. Futhi ama-microprocessors aqala ukufaka izinkumbulo zawo ezisheshayo phakathi kwamayunithi asebenzayo ne-RAM. Ngaleyo ndlela, bangakwazi ukuyilayisha ngedatha nemiyalo yokufinyelela ngokushesha okuningi kunokuya ngqo ku-RAM njalo lapho bedinga okuthile.

Lezi zinkumbulo engibhekise kuzo ziyizo imemori ye-cache, i-buffer esebenza njengesiphazamisi phakathi kwe-CPU ne-RAM. Kumele kushiwo ukuthi esikhathini esedlule ubungathenga amamojula we-cache afana ne-RAM, nokuthi ungangeza uma ufuna eqenjini lakho. Okuthile njengama-coprocessors amadala noma ama-FPU, abengahlanganisiwe ngaphakathi kwe-CPU chip uqobo. Kepha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ahlanganiswa nephakeji uqobo (bona ngokwesibonelo i-Intel Pentium Pro) futhi ekugcineni abe yingxenye ye-IC efanayo nakuma-microprocessors amanje.

Lezi zinkumbulo ze-cache bebelokhu bekhula emazingeni, njenge-L1 yamanje (ehlanganisiwe noma ehlukaniselwe imiyalo / idatha), i-L2 ehlanganisiwe, i-L3, njll. Futhi hhayi lokho kuphela, ngaphandle kwe-microprocessor, umsebenzi uyenziwa futhi ngandlela thile ukusheshisa ukufinyelela kwedatha nemiyalo, njengamamojula we-Intel Octant nezinye izinhlobo zama-buffers, kepha lena enye indaba ...

I-DDR SDRAM

Ngemuva kokukubeka ngemuva, usuvele uyazi indlela ethathiwe kuze kufike ukufika kwe- i-DDR SDRAM yamanje. Manje, sizobona izinhlobo ezikhona nezici zazo. Kumele kuthiwe uma kuqhathaniswa ne-Intel Pentium 4 ebisebenzisa i-RAMBUS yayo ikakhulukazi, i-AMD Athlon ibe ngeyokuqala ukusekela i-DDR eshibhile. Ebhekene nokuthengiswa nokusebenza kwamakhompyutha asuselwa ku-AMD, i-Intel iphoqeleke ukuthi nayo yamukele i-DDR ...

Izinhlobo

Ngokwenguqulo ye-DDR

I-Las Izinhlobo ze-DDR vumela ukubuya okungafani:

• I-DDR: I-PC-xxxx ikhombisa umkhawulokudonsa wemodyuli, uma ngokwesibonelo kuyi-PC-1600, lokhu kuvela ekuphindaphindeni kwe-100.000.000 hz (ibhasi elingu-100 Mhz) x 2 (okuyi-Dual Data Rate) x 8 byte = 1600 MB / s noma i-1.6 GB / s ukudluliswa.
  • I-DDR-200 (PC-1600): ngebhasi le-100 Mhz ne-200 Mhz I / O. Igama layo livela ekudlulisweni kwayo okungu-1600 MB / s noma okungu-1.6 GB / s.
  • I-DDR-266 (PC-2100): ngebhasi le-133 Mhz ne-266 Mhz I / O. Ngamandla okudlulisa ayi-2.1 GB / s.
  • I-DDR-333 (PC-2700): ngebhasi le-166 Mhz ne-333 Mhz I / O. Ngamandla okudlulisa ama-2.7 GB / s.
  • I-DDR-400 (PC-3200): ngebhasi le-200 Mhz ne-400 Mhz I / O. Ngokudluliswa okuphelele okungu-3.2 GB / s.
• DDR2: isebenza ngamabhithi ama-4 ngomjikelezo ngamunye, okungukuthi, ukuhamba okungu-2 nokubuyela emuva okungu-2. Lokho kuthuthukisa amandla we-DDR1 yangaphambilini.
  • Kusuka ku-DDR2-333 (PC2-2600): isebenza ngebhasi lesisekelo eyi-100 Mhz, ene-166 Mhz I / O, eliyinika amandla okudlulisa ama-2.6 GB / s. Isikhathi sokufinyelela esingu-10 ns.
  • Kuze kufike ku-DDR2-1200 (PC2-9600): ibhasi likhuphukela ku-300Mhz, 600Mhz lokudluliswa kwe-I / O ne-9.6GB / s. Isikhathi sokufinyelela esingu-3,3ns.
• DDR3: ivumela isivinini sokudlulisa esiphezulu nesivinini somsebenzi ngokuqhathaniswa ne-DDR2, yize i-latency iphezulu.
  • Kusuka ku-DDR3-1066 (PC3-8500): 133 Mhz bus, 533 Mhz I / O, 8.5 GB / s transfers. Isikhathi sokufinyelela esingu-7.5 ns.
  • Kuze kufike ku-DDR3-2200 (PC3-18000): Ibhasi le-350 Mhz, i-1100 Mhz I / O, nokudluliswa kwe-18 GB / s. Isikhathi sokufinyelela esingu-3.3 ns.
• DDR4: amandla kagesi aphansi kanye nezinga lokudlulisa eliphakeme uma kuqhathaniswa naphambilini. Ngeshwa ine-latency ephezulu, eyehlisa ukusebenza kwayo zonke ezinye izinto zilingana.
  • Kusuka ku-DDR4-1600 (PC4-12800): ngebhasi lesisekelo eyi-200 Mhz, i-1600 Mhz I / O, nokudluliswa okungu-12.8 GB / s.
  • Kuze kufike ku-DDR4-2666 (PC4-21300): ngebhasi lesisekelo elingu-333 Mhz, 2666 Mhz I / O, nokudluliswa okungama-21.3 GB / s.
• I-DDR5, DDR6, DDR7 ...: ikusasa eliseduze.

Ngokuya ngohlobo lwemodyuli

I-Los Amamojula we-SIMM aguqukele kuma-DIMM amanje, ezihlukaniswe zaba:

• I-DIMM (Imodyuli Yesimemo Esikabili Esikumugqa): imodyuli yememori enothintana nabo ezinhlangothini zombili, ivumela inani elikhulu loxhumana nabo. Yibo abasebenzisa amakhompyutha wedeskithophu.
• I-SO-DIMM (Uhlaka oluncane lwe-DIMM)- Le nguqulo eyehlisiwe yama-DIMM ejwayelekile, okungukuthi, amamojula amafushane wamakhompyutha amancane. Zisetshenziswa kumakhompyutha wezincwadi, amabhodi womama ama-miniPCs anezici ezincane zefomu njenge-mini-ITX, njll.

Noma ngabe angama-DIMM noma ama-SO-DIMM, angaba ngamakhono ahlukile, izici nezinhlobo ezibonwe ngenhla. Lokhu akuguquli lutho.

Ngokusho kweziteshi

Amamojula wememori ye-RAM ingaqoqwa ngebhasi elilodwa noma amaningi:

• Isiteshi sememori esisodwa: onke amamojula wememori ahlelwe aba yibhange elilodwa lamaslots, abelana ngebhasi elifanayo.
• Isiteshi Sememori Esikabili- Inamabhange amabili ehlukene wememori ebhodini lomama. Amamojula angafakwa kulezi ziteshi ezimbili, ngamabhasi amabili ahlukene, anikeze umkhawulokudonsa omkhulu, ngakho-ke ukusebenza. Isibonelo, uma une-APU noma i-Intel ene-GPU edidiyelwe, kungaletha izinzuzo ezinkulu ngokuvumela i-CPU MMU ukuthi ifinyelele ibhasi elilodwa ngenkathi isilawuli sememori se-GPU sifinyelela kolunye ngaphandle kokuphazamisa phakathi kwalokhu ...
• Isiteshi Sememori se-QuadLapho izidingo zokufinyelela ziphakeme kakhulu, kungenzeka ukuthi kutholakale amabhodi womama aneziteshi ezine, yize ukuba neziteshi ezine kunganikezeli ngaso sonke isikhathi ukusebenza okulindelwe uma lo mthamo ungasetshenziswanga ngempela.

Ukubambezeleka

Ekugcineni, lapho ufuna ukwandisa i-RAM yakho, kukhona uchungechunge lwezici, ngaphandle kwalokhu osekuvele kubonile, okungakudida lapho uthenga okulungile. Ngisho ama-latency, eye-CAS, RAS, njll. Ngokuqondene nezilinganiso kanye nohlobo lwemodyuli, iqiniso ukuthi lokhu kuzoncika ekuhambisaneni kwebhodi lakho lomama nohlobo lwenkumbulo ekhethiwe. Kufanele ufunde imanuwali yebhodi lakho lomama ukwazi ukuthi iyiphi imemori i-chipset yakho esekelayo nokuthi unhloboni yemodyuli onayo.

Ungabheka futhi imodyuli yememori noma amamojula osuvele uwafakile ukwazi ukuthi ungayithola kanjani imodyuli efanayo ukuyikhulisa, nokuthi inezici ezifanayo futhi iyahambisana.

Ijubane le-RAM lihlala lihlobene nezici ezimbili, eyodwa yiyona iwashi futhi enye i-latency. I-latency yisikhathi esidingekayo ukufinyelela (ukubhala noma ukufunda). Futhi kungaba nohlobo olufanayo lwemodyuli enama-latency ahlukile, futhi kulapho abasebenzisi badideka bakholelwe ukuthi uma befaka imodyuli ene-latency ehlukile ngeke ihambisane, noma uma izothinta noma cha ... Lokho engizozama ukukucacisa lapha.

Okokuqala kufanele cacisa ukuthi i-RAM isebenza kanjaniLapho kudingeka ukufinyelela i-memory block ethile, okusho ukuthi, ingxenye yememori lapho kugcinwa khona idatha, imemori isatshalaliswa ngemigqa nangamakholomu. Ngokwenza kusebenze umugqa ofanele wemigqa nokukhethwa kwamakholomu, ungabhala noma ufunde noma yini oyifunayo. Kepha ukuze le misebenzi yokufinyelela yenzeke, badinga ukudlula kwimijikelezo embalwa ukwenza izenzo ezibambezela ukusebenza. Lokho ukubambezeleka.

Ngikwazi kanjani ukubambezeleka kwemodyuli? Hhayi-ke, kungenzeka ukuthi uqaphele ukuthi amamojula anohlobo lwemaki engu-16-18-18-35 noma efanayo, lawowa ama-latency kuma-nanoseconds. Inombolo ngayinye inencazelo yayo ngokwesimo ekuso:

• 16Inani lokuqala lingavela futhi njenge-CL noma i-CAS Latency, likhombisa ngokusobala isikhathi esidlula phakathi kweprosesa elicela idatha kusuka ku-RAM bese liyithola bese liyithumela.
• 18: Inombolo yesibili ingatholakala njenge-TRCD noma i-RAS iye kwi-CAS Latency, le nombolo imele isikhathi esiphakathi kwendawo nokusebenza kwe-memory line (RAS) kanye nekholomu (CAS), khumbula ukuthi imemori ihlelwe sengathi inge ibhodi le-chess.
• 18: Inombolo yesithathu ingatholakala njenge-TRP noma i-RAS Precharge futhi ibhekisa esikhathini esisithatha kwimemori ukwenza ukugqashuka kolayini, okungukuthi, ukucisha umugqa wedatha owusebenzisayo manje nokwenza kusebenze umugqa omusha.
• 35: Ekugcineni inani lesine likhombisa okungabonakala njenge-TRAS, Kuyasebenza noma Kuyasebenza ukuze ukhokhe ngaphambili. Imelela isikhathi sokulinda ngaphambi kokuba imemori yenze ukufinyelela okusha kudatha.

Nini izinombolo eziphansi, ziba ngconongokushesha okukhulu. Uma unemodyuli ye-DDR4 ene-CL11 nemodyuli ye-CL9, eyokugcina izoshesha kakhulu, ngokungangabazeki.

Ungaxuba amamojula anama-latency ahlukile?

Yilapho ivela khona umbuzo wekhulu leminyaka, nokudideka kwabasebenzisi abaningi. Impendulo inguyebo. Uma unemodyuli ye-DDR4, enemvamisa efanayo yewashi, kepha nge-CL ethize efakwe kwikhompyutha yakho bese uthenga enye enezici ezifanayo, kepha nge-CL ehlukile, akunandaba. Izosebenza, ngeke ihambisane, iqembu lakho ngeke liyenqabe. Ukubambezeleka kufana nomthamo noma uhlobo lomkhiqizo, kungahluka phakathi kwamamojula ngaphandle kokuthi kwenzeke okuthile.

Khona-ke? Ukuphela kwento okungenzeka ukuthi ngeke uzuze ukusebenza okuhle, noma mhlawumbe izokwehla kancane ngokuya ngokukhetha kwakho. Ngizokuchazela ngesibonelo. Cabanga ngesibonelo esisebenzayo, ukuthi unemodyuli ye-Kingston DDR4 8GB 2400Mhz ne-CL14 efakwe kwikhompyutha yakho. Kepha ufuna ukwandisa i-RAM yakho futhi uthenge iCorsair DDR4 8GB e-2800Mhz ne-CL16. Uzoba namamojula amabili ahambisanayo ngokuphelele, iqembu lakho lizokubekezelela, ngeke liyeke ukusebenza. Uzoba ne-16 GB ye-RAM esebenza. Kepha ... izinto eziningi zingenzeka:

1. Womabili amamojula we-RAM anciphisa imvamisa yawo kumaphrofayili azenzakalelayo we-JEDEC standard, afana ne-2133 Mhz. Lokho wukuthi, inkumbulo yakho ingahle yehle kancane ngokunciphisa imvamisa yayo yewashi, ngakho-ke isilinganiso sayo sokudlulisa.
   
2. Enye inketho ukuthi imodyuli ifane nemodyuli ekhona ku-latency nobuningi. Kulokhu, esikhundleni sama-2800 Mhz, womabili azosebenza ku-2400Mhz nase-CL ephezulu kakhulu.

Ngabe uzoba nezinkinga nini? Uma usebenzisa i-Dual Channel noma i-Quad Channel. Kulezo zimo kungcono ukuthi uthenge amamojula afanayo ngokwezici (amandla nomkhiqizo womkhiqizi kungahluka).

Ngidinga malini i-RAM?

Yebo, ukufingqa lokhu kuya ngezidingo zomsebenzisi ngamunye. Isibonelo, uma uzosebenzisa isoftware yehhovisi, phequlula, njll., Mhlawumbe u-4-8 GB wenele. Kepha uma ufuna ukudlala, mhlawumbe udinga i-8-16GB. Uma uzosebenzisa imishini eminingi ebonakalayo ungadinga ama-32 GB noma ngaphezulu… kuyinto eqondene nawe uqobo. Ayikho ifomula yomlingo yokuthi udinga malini.

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona izidingo ezinconyiwe zesoftware ozozisebenzisa njalo ukukhetha i-Hardware yakho kahle ...

Kukhona ifomula ekusiza ukuthi ukhethe imemori eyisisekelo esincane, ukuze ungafaki ngaphansi kunalokho okufanele ukwenze. Futhi uyadlula phindaphinda u-2 GB kumgogodla noma umnyombo ngamunye onayo i-CPU yakho. Ngakho-ke, uma une-quadcore kufanele okungenani ube no-8 GB.