I-DRV8825: umshayeli wama-stepper motors

Un umshayeli wemoto Kuyisifunda esivumela ama-motors wamanje aqondile ukuthi alawulwe ngendlela elula kakhulu. Laba balawuli bakuvumela ukuthi uphathe ukuqhuma kanye nemisinga lapho imoto inikezwa khona ukulawula ijubane lokujikeleza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zisebenza njengendlela yokuvikela ukuvimbela ukuthi i-elekthronikhi yamamoto ingalimali ngokubeka umkhawulo wamanje ojikeleza (ukunqamula).

Ngakho-ke, uma uzokwakha iphrojekthi ye-DIY ezokwenza kanjalo faka eyodwa noma ngaphezulu ama-DC motorsNoma ngabe hlobo luni, ikakhulukazi kuma-stepper motors, kufanele usebenzise umshayeli wemoto ukwenza izinto zibe lula kuwe. Yize kunezindlela zokukwenza ngendlela ehlukile, usebenzisa ama-transistors, amamojula anezishayeli zezimoto asebenza kakhulu futhi aqondile. Eqinisweni, laba bashayeli bathembela kuma-transistor ukuthi enze umsebenzi wawo ...

Kungani ngidinga umshayeli?

Imojuli yesilawuli

Azikho izibuyekezo

11,94 €

Bona ukunikezwa Bona izici

El umshayeli uyadingeka ukulawula imoto, njengoba ngike ngasho phambilini. Futhi, kufanele ukhumbule ukuthi ibhodi ye-Arduino kanye ne-microcontroller yayo ayikwazi ukunika amandla ukuhamba kwemoto. Yenzelwe nje amasiginali wedijithali, kepha ngeke isebenze kahle lapho amandla athe xaxa kufanele anikezwe njengaleyo efunwa yilezi zinhlobo zama-motors. Kungakho kufanele ube nale nto phakathi kwebhodi le-Arduino nezinjini.

Izinhlobo zomshayeli

Kufanele ukwazi lokho kunezinhlobo eziningi zabashayeli kuya ngohlobo lwenjini okuhloswe ngayo. Lokhu kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi ungawahlukanisa kanjani ukuze uthole umshayeli ofanele:

• Umshayeli wemoto ye-unipolar: yizona ezilula ukulawula, ngoba okwamanje ukugeleza ngamakhoyili kuhamba ngendlela efanayo. Umsebenzi womshayeli kufanele wazi ukuthi imaphi ama-coil okufanele awenze ku-pulse ngayinye. Isibonelo salolu hlobo lwesilawuli kungaba yi-ULN2003A.
• Umshayeli wezimoto eziguquguqukayo: lawa ma-motors ayinkimbinkimbi futhi abashayeli bawo nawo, njenge-DRV8825. Kulokhu zingenziwa zisebenze ngamanje ohlangothini olulodwa noma kolunye (enyakatho-ningizimu naseningizimu-enyakatho). Ngumshayeli onquma isiqondiso sokushintsha ubumbano bamandla kazibuthe akhiqizwa ngaphakathi kwemoto. Isifunda esaziwa kakhulu sokubuyisela emuva inkambiso sibizwa ngePunete H, okuvumela imoto ukuthi ijikeleze kuzo zombili izinkomba. Lelo H-bridge lakhiwa ama-transistor amaningana.

Lezi zamuva sezidume kakhulu eminyakeni yamuva ngoba zifakiwe nakwezinye Amaphrinta we-3D ukulawula ukuphrinta ngekhanda. Kungenzeka ukuthi uma uhlose ukufaka iphrinta ye-3D noma uma usunayo, uzodinga eyodwa yalezi ukuze ukwazi ukulawula imoto noma ungene esikhundleni sale ngxenye uma yonakele. Zisetshenziselwa amarobhothi, abakhi bohlaka, amaphrinta ajwayelekile, ama-scanner, izimoto zikagesi, nokunye okude.

I-DRV8825

Imojuli yesilawuli

Azikho izibuyekezo

11,94 €

Bona ukunikezwa Bona izici

Kunamamodeli amaningi wabashayeli emakethe. Isibonelo, yena I-DRV8825 inguqulo ethuthukisiwe ye-A4988. Lo mshayeli udinga kuphela ukukhishwa okubili kwedijithali kusuka ku-microcontroller ukuze akwazi ukuphatha kahle imoto. Ngalokho kuphela ungalawula ukuqondiswa nesinyathelo semoto ngalezi zimpawu ezimbili. Lokho wukuthi, ngalokhu kungenzeka ukwenza ukunyathela, noma imoto ijikeleze igxathu negxathu esikhundleni sokujikeleza ngokushesha njengamanye ama-motors alula.

I-DRV8825 ivumela ukusebenza ngama-voltages aphezulu kunalawo asetshenziswa yi-A4988, kusukela ingafinyelela kuma-45v esikhundleni sama-35v we-A4988. Ingaphatha futhi imisinga ephakeme, ikakhulukazi i-2.5A, leyo yingxenye ye-amp ngaphezulu kwe-A4988. Ngaphezu kwakho konke lokho, lo mshayeli omusha ungeza imodi entsha ye-1/32 microstepping (1/16 ye-A4988) ukuze akwazi ukuhambisa i-stepper motor shaft ngokunembile.

Ngaphandle kwalokho ziyefana. Isibonelo, womabili angafinyelela amazinga okushisa aphezulu ngaphandle kwenkinga. Ngakho-ke, uma uhamba nabo nge-heatsink encane, kungcono kakhulu (amamodeli amaningi asevele eyifaka), ikakhulukazi uma uzoyisebenzisa ngaphezulu kwe-1A.

Uma i-encapsulation ifinyelela emazingeni aphezulu okushisa, njengokuqapha kufanele uyivale. Kungaba kuhle ukubonisana ne- imininingo egciniwe yemodeli oyithengile futhi ubone izinga lokushisa eliphezulu lapho ingasebenza khona. Ukungeza inzwa yokushisa eduze komshayeli ukuqapha izinga lokushisa nokusebenzisa isekithi ephazamisa ukusebenza uma ifinyelela kulowo mkhawulo izinga lokushisa linganconywa kakhulu ...

I-DRV8825 inayo ukuvikelwa ezinkingeni okweqile, isifunda esifushane, i-overvoltage kanye ne-overemperature. Ngakho-ke, zingamadivayisi athembekile futhi amelana kakhulu. Futhi konke kwe- ngentengo ephansi impela ezitolo ezikhethekile lapho ungathola khona le ngxenye.

I-Microstepping

Ngenqubo ye- Izinyathelo ze-microstepping ezingaphansi kwesinyathelo sokuqanjwa zingatholakala wesithuthuthu ohamba ngaso ozosisebenzisa. Lokho okungukuthi, hlukanisa ithuba libe izingxenye eziningi ukuze ukwazi ukuthuthuka ngokunensa noma ngokunembile. Ukwenza lokhu, okwamanje okusetshenziswe kwikhoyili ngayinye kuyahlukahluka ngokulingisa inani le-analog namasiginali edijithali atholakalayo. Uma kutholakala amasiginali we-sinusoidal analog aphelele futhi ama-90º aphume esigabeni komunye nomunye, ukuzungeza okufiswayo kungafinyelelwa.

Kepha-ke, awukwazi ukuthola leso siginali ye-analog, ngoba sisebenza ngamasignali edijithali. Kungakho lezi kufanele ziphathwe ukuzama ukulingisa isignali ye-analog ngokugxuma okuncane kusiginali kagesi. Ukulungiswa kwemoto kuzoncika kulokhu: 1/4, 1/8, 1/16, 1/32, ...

Ukukhetha isixazululo osifunayo kufanele ulawule izikhonkwane ze-M0, M1 ne-M2 zemodyuli. Izikhonkwane zixhunywe emhlabathini noma ku-GND ngama-resistor wokudonsa, ngakho-ke uma kungekho okuxhunyiwe kuzohlala ziba LOW noma 0. Ukuze ushintshe leli nani, kuzofanele uphoqe inani elingu-1 noma elingu-HIGH. I- amanani we-M0, M1, M2 ngokulandelana lezo okumele zihambisane nesinqumo, yilezi:

• Isinyathelo esigcwele: Phansi, Phansi, Phansi
• 1/2: Phezulu, Phansi, Phansi
• 1/4: Phansi, Phezulu, Phansi
• 1/8: Phezulu, Phezulu, Phansi
• 1/16: Phansi, Phansi, Phezulu
• 1/32: wonke amanye amanani angenzeka

Ukuphina

El Umshayeli we-DRV8825 unesikimu sokuxhuma esilula, yize ukuba nezikhonkwane ezanele kungaba nzima kakhulu kochwepheshe abancane. Ungayibona esithombeni esingenhla, kepha qiniseka ukubeka kahle imodyuli lapho ubheka izikhonkwane, ngoba kujwayelekile ukwenza amaphutha bese uwuthatha uphendukezelwe, okuholela ekuxhumaneni okungalungile ngisho nasemonakalweni.

Como isincomo sokuxhuma umshayeli, kunconywa ukuthi ulungise kahle futhi ulinganise idivayisi ngokulandela izinyathelo ezingezansi ukuze usebenze kahle futhi ungalimazi:

1. Xhuma umshayeli ku-voltage ngaphandle kwemoto exhunywe noma i-microstepping.
2. Linganisa nge-multimeter ukungezwani okukhona phakathi kwe-GND ne-potentiometer.
3. Lungisa i-potentiometer ize ibe yinani elifanele.
4. Manje usungakwenza cisha ugesi.
5. Ngalesi sikhathi yebo ungakwazi xhuma imoto. Futhi uphinde uxhume amandla ku-diver.
6. Ngesilinganiso se-multimeter umfutho phakathi komshayeli nemoto igxathu negxathu futhi ungenza ukulungiswa okuhle kwe-potentiometer.
7. Vala ugesi futhi manje usungaxhuma ku-Arduino.

Uma ungeke usebenzise microstepping ungakwazi ulungise umfutho Regulator kuze kufike ku-100% wamanje we-motor elinganisiwe. Kepha uma uzoyisebenzisa, kufanele wehlise lo mkhawulo, ngoba inani elizobe selizungeza lizobe liphakeme kunalelo elilinganisiwe ...

I-athikili ehlobene:

I-L298N: imodyuli yokulawula izinjini ze-Arduino

Ukuhlanganiswa ne-Arduino

Ukuze usebenzise umshayeli we-DRV8825 nge-Arduino, ukuxhumana kulula njengoba ubona phezulu kulesi sikimu se-elekthronikhi esivela kuFritzing:

• I-VMOT: ixhunywe emandleni afinyelela ku-45v esiphezulu.
• I-GND: umhlabathi (imoto)
• I-SLP: ku-5v
• I-RST: ku-5v
• I-GND: emhlabathini (logic)
• STP: ku-Arduino pin 3
• I-DIR: ku-Arduino pin 2
• I-A1, A2, B1, B2: ukuya esitebhisini (motor)

const int dirPin = 2;
const int stepPin = 3;
 
const int steps = 200;
int stepDelay;
 
void setup() {
   // Configura los pines como salida
   pinMode(dirPin, OUTPUT);
   pinMode(stepPin, OUTPUT);
}
 
void loop() {
   //Se pone una dirección y velocidad
   digitalWrite(dirPin, HIGH);
   stepDelay = 250;
   // Se gira 200 pulsos para hacer vuelta completa del eje
   for (int x = 0; x < 200; x++) {
      digitalWrite(stepPin, HIGH);
      delayMicroseconds(stepDelay);
      digitalWrite(stepPin, LOW);
      delayMicroseconds(stepDelay);
   }
   delay(1000);
 
   //Ahora se cambia la dirección de giro y se aumenta la velocidad
   digitalWrite(dirPin, LOW);
   stepDelay = 150;
   //Se hacen dos vueltas completas
   for (int x = 0; x < 400; x++) {
      digitalWrite(stepPin, HIGH);
      delayMicroseconds(stepDelay);
      digitalWrite(stepPin, LOW);
      delayMicroseconds(stepDelay);
   }
   delay(1000);
}