La Umthombo we-ATX Sekuyinto ejwayelekile emhlabeni we-PC, uhlobo lokuphakelwa kwamandla oluhambisana namabhodi womama amaningi akhiqizwayo namhlanje futhi ngokuhlukahluka okuthile kwesimanje okuye kwavula amandla amasistimu wokucubungula anamandla kakhulu afuna amandla amaningi.
Uma ucabanga ukuthenga eyodwa yalezi zinhlobo zokuhambisa ugesi ze-ATX, ngokuqinisekile uzothanda ukubona yonke imininingwane ebucayi odinga ukuyazi lapho ukhetha okukodwa kwalokhu Izingxenye ze-elekthronikhi...
Uyini umthombo we-ATX?
Ngokuvamile ibizwa ngokuthi i-PSU (i-Power Supply Unit), noma ukunikezwa kwamandla, noma Umthombo we-ATX. Akuyona into ngaphandle kwedivayisi ehambisana nezinga le-ATX elikwazi ukuguqula ukushintshana kwamanje kwenethiwekhi ukuze kuqondise okwamanje, kanye ukusabalalisa voltages ezahlukene ukwazi ukondla zonke izinto ze-PC. Lokho wukuthi, ophethe ukondla i-motherboard nezinto zayo, amasistimu okupholisa, imidiya yokugcina, njll.
Yize kungabonakala njengengxenye encane, iqiniso ukuthi kungenye yezinto eziyinhloko zethimba, ngoba ingenye yalezo ezivame ukunikeza izinkinga eziningi uma ungakhethi efanele, futhi kuzoba yiyo ekhawulela amandla noma izandiso ezingenzeka ongazenza kwi-PC yakho. Ngisho nokuzinza nokuphila kwezinye izingxenye kuzoncika kukho.
Ungawukhetha kanjani umthombo we-ATX
Ukukhetha umthombo wamandla omuhle Kuzoqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle kwamandla nokuthi izingxenye zakho zivikelekile kuma-surge kanye no-spikes kagesi angadala ezinye izinto zohlelo ukuthi zisebenze ngendlela engafanele futhi zize ziphuke kusenesikhathi.
Potencia
La amandla kubalulekile lapho ukhetha umthombo wamandla. Akufanele ufinyelele kuyo, noma ngeke ukwazi ukunika amandla zonke izinto ozifunayo (ngisho nokucabanga ngokunwetshwa okuzayo kwesikhathi esizayo). Kepha akufanele ukhethe ifonti enamandla amakhulu ongeke uyisebenzise, ngoba kungaba wukuchitha imali.
Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukukwenza ukulingana okuhle ngokuya ngehadiwe ozokhetha. Ngokuvamile, kwi-PC yamanje, akufanele ibe ngaphansi kuka-500W, noma ngaphezulu uma ufuna okuthile okunamandla amakhulu. Kunamandla ahluke kakhulu, kusuka kumakhulu ama-watts kuya ngaphezu kwe-1KW kwezinye izimo ezingajwayelekile, okujwayeleke kakhulu kulawo angama-650 noma ama-750W ...
Ukuze ukwazi khetha amandla afanele, ungasebenzisa amathuluzi aku-inthanethi azokusiza ukubala amandla adingekayo ngokufaka ukucushwa kwe-PC yakho, njenge lokhu wokubala. Njengeseluleko ngingakutshela ukuthi ukhethe i-50 noma i-100W ngaphezulu kunalokho okukhombisa ukucabanga ngokulinganisa uhlelo ngokuzayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umthombo we-ATX osebenza ngokunethezeka ungcono kunomthombo ogcwele umthwalo omkhulu.
Izitifiketi nokusebenza kahle
Yize abanye belikhohlwa leli phuzu, kubalulekile futhi ukwenza ukukhetha okuhle komthombo we-ATX onawo izitifiketi inethuba, zombili ezonga ugesi, njenge-Energy Star, kanye nezinye zokuphepha noma imvelo njengalezo ze-CE, RoHS, njll.
Ngaphandle kwalokho, kunomunye umaki onqumayo ukusebenza kahle ngendlela efanayo nemishini yasendlini enelebuli yokusebenzisa amandla ka-A +, njll. Ngikhuluma ngamalebula:
- Ayikho ithegi: ayiqinisekisi ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu, kungaba yinoma ngubani. Ngokuvamile le yimithombo ye-ATX eshibhile noma esezingeni eliphansi okufanele uyigweme.
- 80 Plus Gold: kusho ukuthi isebenza kahle ngo-80%.
- I-80 Plus Bronze: ifinyelela ku-82% wokusebenza kahle kwamandla.
- Isiliva se-80 Plus: ukusebenza kahle kwamandla kuzofinyelela kuma-85%.
- 80 Plus Gold: khuphukela ku-87% wokonga amandla.
- I-80 Plus Platinum- Bathola amaphuzu aphezulu wokusebenzisa amandla angama-90%.
- I-80 Plus Titanium: zingcono kakhulu ngokusebenza kahle, ngama-92%.
Ukuvikelwa komthombo we-ATX
La umthombo oshibhile we-ATX ngokuvamile ayifaki noma yiluphi uhlobo lwesilinganiso sokuvikela, okuyiphutha elibi kakhulu. Abanye, ngokulondoloza kule ngxenye, bafaka engozini lonke uhlelo, ngoba amanye ama-voltage spikes angathinta kakhulu izinto ezifana nebhodi lomama, i-CPU, i-GPU, imemori, njll.
Ngakho-ke, uma ufuna ukugwema wonke lawo ma-spikes kagesi, ukuguquguquka kolayini wamandla, neminye imicimbi engalimaza noma idale izingxenye zingasebenzi kahle, kufanele uqiniseke ukuthi zinokuningi okuningi ukuvikela okusebenzayo nokwenziwa. Isibonelo:
- I-Power Good noma i-PWR_OK: Bheka ukuthi isignali yokunikezela ilungile yini, into cishe yonke evame ukuba nayo.
- I-OCP (Ukuvikelwa Okwedlula Okwamanje): Luhlobo lokuvikelwa ekuphakameni kwezinga eliphakeme lamanje noma lokuqina.
- I-OVP (Ngokuvikelwa Kwamandla Okushisa): efanayo neyangaphambilini kodwa yamandla aphezulu wevoltage noma we-overvoltage.
- I-UVP (Ngaphansi Kokuvikelwa Kwamandla): okunye ukuvikelwa kwama-voltages aphansi, okungukuthi, iziqongo eziphansi eziyingozi futhi.
- I-OPP (Ngokuvikelwa Kwamandla): kuyisivikelo ekulayisheni ngokweqile.
- I-OTP (Ukuvikelwa Kokushisa Okungaphezulu): Lokhu kuvikela amazinga okushisa aphezulu ale yunithi.
- I-SCP (Ukuvikelwa Kwesifunda Esifushane): isici sokuvikela esifushane.
- I-YEP (Ukukhuphuka & Inrush Ukuvikelwa): ukuphazamisa okwamanje.
- I-NLO (Ukusebenza Okungalayishwa): ukusebenza okuphansi komthwalo.
- I-BOP (Brown Out Protection): ivikela emaphutheni kagesi okwesikhashana.
Izinhlobo ze-PSU
Lapho ukhetha umthombo we-ATX, kubalulekile futhi ukuthi ukhumbule i- izinhlobo ongazithola emakethe:
- Ngokwe modularity yayo:
- Hhayi modular: zivame kakhulu, izintambo zithengiselwe umthombo uqobo.
- I-semi-modular: banesixhumi sebhodi yomama, i-ATX, ethengisiwe, kuyilapho konke kususwa (i-ESP, i-PCIe, i-SATA, ne-Molex, ...).
- I-Modular- Zonke izintambo zingangezwa noma zisuswe ngokuzimela. Indlela yokushiya isikhala esicacile ngaphakathi kombhoshongo ukuze umoya opholile uzungeze kangcono futhi ngenxa yezizathu zobuhle, ngoba uzoba nezintambo ozifuna kuphela, hhayi zonke.
- Isici sefomu: yifomethi noma ifomu elihambelana nohlobo lwebhodi lomama okufanele lihambisane nalo. Kukhona i-SFX, ITX, miniITX, ATX, microATX, microATX, noma emikhulu yemishini enamandla kakhulu, njenge-EATX. Lokhu kushiya isikhala sokudideka, ngoba kufanele kuhambisane nebhodi elikhethiwe.