Ukuba ufuna ukuxhobisa iiprojekthi zakho ze-DIY Arduino ngokukwazi ukubona ukusondela okanye ukuhamba kunye nokusekwe kuloo nto ukwenza uhlobo oluthile lwezenzo, ezinje ngokubhalisa umcimbi, ukukhanyisa isibane, ukucima ialam, sebenzisa iDC motornjl, ke kuya kufuneka yazi i-HC-SR501 sensor.
Este Inzwa isebenzisa i-IR, njengezinye iintlobo zeesenzi ezifanayo, kwaye kwesi sikhokelo ndiza kuzama ukucacisa yonke into ekufuneka uyazi ukuqala ukuyisebenzisa kwangoko. Ukusuka kwiimpawu zayo, indlela yokudibanisa i-HC-SR501 kunye ibheji yakho Arduino UNO. Yonke into ngendlela esebenzayo yokwenza ukuba kube lula kangangoko kunokwenzeka.
Yintoni i-HC-SR501 kunye nomgaqo osebenzayo
El I-HC-SR501 luhlobo lwenzwa yokuhambaInzwa yePIR enezinto ezimbini ezahlukeneyo. Kwelinye icala, inesixhobo esikhupha umahluko phakathi kwayo kunye nezinye izinzwa eziya kuthi zisebenzise umqondiso wealam.
Oku kuphunyezwe ngu Isekethe edibeneyo BISS0001, equlethe izinto zokukhulisa ukusebenza kunye nezixhobo ezongeziweyo zombane. Ukongeza kuloo nto, imodyuli ivumela uhlengahlengiso kwimisebenzi yayo, enye yeyobuntununtunu bomgama wokufumanisa i-PIR kunye neepotentieter ezithile. Elinye inqaku kukukwazi ukubonwa kokukhanya okuzenzekelayo, nangona kungenakwenziwa kumzi-mveliso.
Umsebenzi wokugqibela uhlala usetyenziselwa ezinye iinkqubo ukuze zikhanyise ukukhanya kwenkqubo xa intshukumo ifunyenwe, kodwa ukukhanya okukuko akuphezulu, oko kukuthi, xa kusebusuku.
Kwimeko ye-HC-SR501, inoluhlu lokufumana intshukumo olunoluhlu lwe I-3 ukuya kwi-7 yeemitha kude, kunye nokuvulwa kwe-PIR ukuya kuthi ga kwi-90 kunye ne-110º. Olu luhlu olulungileyo, oluyivumela ukuba ifakwe apho uyifunayo, njengodonga, isilingi, umgangatho, njl.
Njengoko ubona, inzwa yePIR igutyungelwe luhlobo lwedome emhlophe, yile nto yaziwa ngokuba Iilensi zeFresnel. Kubizwa ngokuba ngumqambi wase-France kunye no-Augustin-Jean Fresnel. Ndiyabulela kuyo, kunokwenzeka ukwakha ukuvula okukhulu kunye neelensi ezifutshane zobude ngaphandle kobunzima kunye nobuninzi bezinto ezinokusetyenziswa kunye neelensi eziqhelekileyo.
Kwaye enkosi kuyilo lwale nto lens eyenziwe ngo-1822, kwaye oku kulandelayo ngumzekelo womhlaba onokuwabona emfanekisweni, ofanayo nebhola yegalufa. Kwaye enkosi kolu luyilo, uninzi lwezixhobo luphunyeziwe, kubandakanya i-HC-SR501.
Iimpawu zeHC-SR501
El Imodyuli ye-HC-SR501 IR sisandi esinexabiso eliphantsi, encinci kunye ngenye yeetekhnoloji eziphambili Zonke ii-sensors zentshukumo zangoku. Ngamandla ayo amabini kunye nejumper edityanisiweyo, iiparameter zayo zinokuguqulwa ngokulula, zilungelelanise bonke ubuntununtunu kunye neemfuno zomgama, kunye nokusebenza kunye nexesha lokuphendula.
Las Ukucaciswa kobugcisa yale HC-SR501 zezi:
- Iqukethe i-PIR LH1778 kunye nomlawuli we-BISS0001
- Umbane wokubonelela: 5 ukuya ku-12v
- Ukusetyenziswa kwamandla: <1 mA
- Uluhlu lomgama: 3 ukuya kwi-7 m ehlengahlengiswayo
- Ukujonga i-engile: 110º
- Useto: kusetyenziswa ii-potentiometers ezi-2 kuluhlu lokuchongwa kunye nexesha elisebenzayo le-alamu. I-jumper yongeza ukubanakho kokumisela ukuphuma kwe-alamu kwimowudi enye okanye ephindaphindayo okanye ebuyisa umva imo yokuqalisa. Iziphumo zealam zingaqwalaselwa ngamaxesha aphakathi kwemizuzwana emi-3 kunye nemizuzu emi-5.
- 1 (emfanekisweni) jika ngasekunene njengoko kunjalo emfanekisweni ukuseta ukusuka kwimizuzwana emi-3 ukuya kwimizuzu emi-5.
- 2 (emfanekisweni) jika ngasekhohlo njengoko kunjalo emfanekisweni ukuze umise umgama ukusuka kwiimitha ezi-3 ukuya kuthi ga kwi-7 yeemitha.
- 3 (emfanekisweni): i-jumper ukuqwalasela i-trigger. Xa i-jumper ifakiwe kwizikhonkwane ezibini ezingaphandle ezibonwe kulo mfanekiso, iya kuqwalaselwa njenge-1 enye. Kwaye ukuba ikwezona zimbini zingaphakathi, imowudi ephindaphindayo iyenziwa isebenze. Oko kukuthi, kukho izikhonkwane ezi-3, ukuba ngaba ngaphandle nangaphakathi ngumsebenzi we-mono, kwaye ukuba kukwi-pin ephakathi kwaye enye ingaphakathi kwe-PCB iya kuba yinto ephindaphindwayo.
- Ixesha lokuqalisa: emva kokuqala ukwenza amandla kwimodyuli ye-HC-SR501, ubuncinci i-1 min kufuneka idlule ngaphambi kokuba isebenze.
- Iqondo lobushushu lokusebenza elisebenzayo: -15ºC kunye + 70ºC
- Más información: bona i-pinout kunye ne-datasheet
Gcina ukhumbula ukuba ezi Iimvakalelo ezenziweyo Zilungele iiprojekthi zakho, ziya kuqala kuphela ukuba zibona ukusondela, okwangoku ziya kuhlala kwindlebe engenziwanga. Kwaye ungayifumana ngokulula, kuba i-HC-SR501 ine i-pinout elula:
- Vcc ukunika amandla.
- I-GND yokuqhagamshela emhlabeni.
- Iziphumo zemveliso yesenzi.
Ngokuphathelele izinto zokucheba ezimbini endikhe ndacaphula ngaphambili, banokuhlengahlengiswa njengoko besenditshilo. Into endingayichazangayo ziindlela zokudubula ngejumper:
- H (ukwenziwa kwakhona)Isiphumo sihlala siphezulu xa inzwa ichukunyisiwe, Oko kukuthi, igcina ivolthi ephezulu xa ibona ukuhamba okanye ukusondela, kwaye yenza njalo. Izakuhla xa inzwa ingasebenzi.
- L (eqhelekileyo)Iziphumo zonyuka ukusuka ezantsi xa zenziwe zasebenza. Ukuqhubeka kokuhamba kubangela ukubetha okuphantsi okuphantsi.
Izicelo
I-PIR isekwe kwimitha yeqondo eliphantsi le-infrared. Ishushu into yile, kokukhona ikhupha i-IR. Yiloo nto olu hlobo lwenzwa lusekwe kulo, kuba abantu, izinto kunye nezilwanyana zikhupha ubushushu kwaye ngayo zinokulinganiswa zazi ukuba zikufuphi okanye hayi.
Ngale nkqubo elula inokuphunyezwa kwiminyango evulwa ngokuzenzekelayo, izitepsi ezizihambelayo eziqala xa kufunyanwa ukusondela, iiialamu ezenziwa zasebenza xa zibona ubukho, izibane ezikhanyayo xa zibona ubukho bakho, njl. Inani lezicelo liphezulu kakhulu ...
Oku kudityaniswe neArduino kunye nezinye izixhobo ezinje ngemodyuli yokunxibelelana, zingathunyelwa Izilumkiso ze-Intanethi, kunye nokuqhubeka nokwandisa amandla ngokwenza ubukho bokubangela ukuqala komsebenzi kude. Ndithetha ngoku Imodyuli ye-ESP8266-01 okanye ezifanayo ...
Okunye ingcebiso es sebenzisa i-relay ukwenza izinto zombane eziphezulu, ezinje ngemoto yentsimbi, ibhalbhu yokukhanyisa, njl.
Umdibaniso we-HC-SR501 kunye neArduino
ukuba yidibanise nebhodi yakho ye-Arduino IDE, Ungayibona inkqubo yethu yolwazi ngakumbi. Nangona kunjalo, ndikubonisa ikhowudi yemizobo elula onokuthi uqale ngayo ukubona ukuba isetyenziswa njani ngendlela esisiseko, kwaye kancinci kancinci ungayiguqula ikhowudi yokuqala kwaye ungeze izinto kwiprojekthi yakho ukuze isebenze ngokupheleleyo.
El ikhowudi yemvelaphi inokuba ngoluhlobo:
//Ejemplo básico con el HC-SR501
byte sensorpir 8; //Pin del salida del sensor que está como salida.
byte led=13; //Puedes conectar un LED en el 13 para ver el efecto visual cuando se activa al detectar presencia
void setup()
{
pinMode(sensorpir, INPUT); //Declaramos pines E/S
pinMode(led, OUTPUT);
Serial.begin(9600); //Configuramos la velocidad del monitor serial
}
void loop)
{
if(digitalRead(sensorpir)== HIGH)
{
Serial.println("Movimiento detectado");
digitalWrite(led, HIGH);
delay(1000);
digitalWrite(led , LOW);
}
}