I-Los izinzwa zingamadivayisi asetshenziswa kabanzi ngobuningi bamasekethe. Kukhona ukushisa, umswakama, intuthu, ukukhanya, nokunye okude. Yizinto ezisivumela ukuthi silinganise ubukhulu obuthile futhi siziguqule zibe yimpendulo yamandla kagesi. Isiginali yokukhipha i-analog ingaguqulwa kalula ibe yidijithali futhi ngaleyo ndlela ikwazi ukusebenzisa lolu hlobo lwenzwa ngamasekethe edijithali, izikrini ze-LCD, ibhodi le-Arduino, njll.
I-LM35 ingenye yezinzwa ezithandwa kakhulu futhi isetshenziswe yibo bonke, ngoba iyi- inzwa yokushisa. Kufika kufakwe emaphaketheni afana nalawo ama-transistors esiwahlaziya kule bhulogi, njenge 2N2222 futhi i I-BC547. Okwenzayo ukukala izinga lokushisa elizungezile futhi kuya ngokuthi liphezulu noma liphansi, lizoba nogesi owodwa noma omunye ekuphumeni kwawo.
I-LM35
El I-LM35 inzwa yokushisa enokulinganiswa okungu-1ºC ukwehluka. Vele, lokhu akusho ukuthi zonke izinzwa zokushisa ziza zilungiselelwe ama-degree Celcius, kepha kuyenzeka kulokhu. Eqinisweni, leyo yinto okufanele uyivumelanise kamuva ukuyilinganisela futhi uyenze ikalwe esikalini osidingayo. Ekukhishweni kwayo kukhiqiza isignali ye-analog yamandla ahlukile ngokuya ngezinga lokushisa elikuthatayo nganoma yisiphi isikhathi.
Ungakwazi ngokuvamile ukumboza amazinga okushisa aphakathi kuka -55ºC no-150 andC, ngakho-ke inebanga elihle lokulinganisa amazinga okushisa athandwa kakhulu. Eqinisweni, yilokho okwenze kwaba yimpumelelo enkulu, ukuthi ikwazi ukukala amazinga okushisa ajwayelekile kakhulu. Ububanzi bezinga lokushisa bunqunyelwe inani lama-voltages angaguquguquka angaba nawo ekuphumeni kwawo, kusuka ku -550mV kuye ku-1500mV.
Okusho ukuthi, uma kunjalo ukukala izinga lokushisa I-150ºC sesivele siyazi ukuthi izonikeza i-1500mV ekuphumeni kwayo. Ngenkathi uma sine -550mV kusho ukuthi kulinganisa -55ºC. Akuzona zonke izinzwa zokushisa ezinalezi zigaba zamandla kagesi ezifanayo, ezinye zingahluka. Amazinga okushisa aphakathi nendawo kuzodingeka abalwe kusetshenziswa amafomula alula azi le mikhawulo emibili. Isibonelo, ngokubusa kwemithathu.
I-pinout ye-LM35 Ilula impela, iphini lokuqala noma iphini ingeyamandla adingekayo enzwa, esuka ku-4 kuye ku-30v, yize ingahluka ngokuya ngomkhiqizi, ngakho-ke, kungcono ukuthi ubheke kudathasethi yenzwa ukuthi uthengile. Ngemuva kwalokho, maphakathi nendawo, sinephini lokukhiphayo, okungukuthi, lelo elizonikeza i-voltage eyodwa noma enye ngokuya ngezinga lokushisa. Iphini lesithathu liphansi.
Izici nama-datasheet
El I-LM35 yidivayisi engadingi ukujikeleza okwengeziwe ukuyilinganisela, ngakho-ke kulula kakhulu ukuyisebenzisa. Isibonelo, uma siyisebenzisa ne-Arduino, kufanele sikhathazeke kuphela ngobubanzi bezinto ezinikezayo ekukhishweni kwayo sazi izinga lokushisa eliphakeme nelincane elingalinganisa, futhi senze umdwebo olula ukuze uphawu lwe-analog lokuthi i-Arduino Ukuthola kwebhodi kungaguqulwa kube yidijithali nokuthi izinga lokushisa livele esibukweni ku-ºC noma lenze ukuguqulwa esikalini osifunayo.
Njengoba kungavami ukushisa kakhulu, kujwayelekile kufakwe ngaphakathi kwamaphakeji epulasitiki ashibhile nokunye okunjalo. Amandla aphansi adingekayo ekusebenzeni kwawo nasekukhishweni kwawo enza lokhu kwenzeke. Akuyona into enamandla amakhulu edinga insimbi, i-ceramic encapsulation kanye nama-heatsinks njengakwezinye izimo.
Phakathi kwe izici ezivelele zobuchwepheshe Yilezi:
- Amandla okuphuma ngokulingana nokushisa: kusuka -55ºC kuye ku-150ºC ngama-voltages kusuka ku -550mV kuye ku-1500mV
- Kulinganiselwe amadigri Celcius
- Okuqinisekisiwe ngokunemba voltage kusuka 0.5ºC kuya 25ºC
- Impedance yokukhipha okuphansi
- Ukunikezwa okuphansi kwamanje (60 μA).
- Izindleko eziphansi
- Iphakheji SOIC, TO-220, TO-92, TO-CAN, njll.
- Ukusebenza kwamandla kagesi phakathi kuka-4 no-30v
Ukuthola yonke imininingwane nge-LM35, unga sebenzisa ama-datasheet inikelwe ngabakhiqizi abanjengo TI (Texas Instruments), STMicroelectronics, nabanye abahlinzeki abadumile balolu hlobo lwenzwa. Isibonelo, lapha ungakwazi landa i-PDF yedatha ye-TI LM35.
Ukuhlanganiswa ne-Arduino
Ungathola izibonelo zekhodi ye-Arduino IDE nezibonelo ezingokoqobo nge incwadi yethu yezifundo noma yohlelo ku-Arduino. Kepha ukunikela ngesibonelo sendlela yokusebenzisa i-LM35 nge-Arduino nekhodi, lapha sibona lesi sibonelo esilula.
para ukufunda ukushisa kwe-LM35 nge-Arduino kulula kakhulu. Masiqale sikhumbule ukuthi -55ºC no-150ºC, ngokuzwela kuka-1ºC. Ngokwenza izibalo kungaphetha ngokuthi ku-1ºC wezinga lokushisa kusho ukwanda noma kulingana no-10mV. Isibonelo, uma sinaka ukuthi okuphezulu okukhiphayo kungu-1500mV, uma sithola i-1490mV, lokho kusho ukuthi inzwa ithwebula izinga lokushisa elingu-149ºC.
Una ifomula ukukwazi ukuguqula ukukhishwa kwe-analogi kwenzwa ye-LM35 iye kudijithali kungaba:
T = Inani * 5 * 100/1024
Khumbula ukuthi u-1024 kungenxa yokuthi i-Arduino, ku- okokufaka kwedijithali yamukela kuphela lelo nani lamanani angenzeka, okusho ukuthi, ukusuka ku-0 kuye ku-1023. Lokho kuzomela ububanzi bezinga lokushisa elingalinganiswa, ubuncane bube ngu-0 futhi ubukhulu buhambisane no-1023. isignali etholwe lapho kukhishwa iphini ye-LM35.
Lokhu, kudluliselwe ku ikhodi okufanele uyibhale nge-Arduino IDE ukuze isebenze kungaba into enjengale:
// Declarar de variables globales
float temperatura; // Variable para almacenar el valor obtenido del sensor (0 a 1023)
int LM35 = 0; // Variable del pin de entrada del sensor (A0)
void setup() {
// Configuramos el puerto serial a 9600 bps
Serial.begin(9600);
}
void loop() {
// Con analogRead leemos el sensor, recuerda que es un valor de 0 a 1023
temperatura = analogRead(LM35);
// Calculamos la temperatura con la fórmula
temperatura = (5.0 * temperatura * 100.0)/1024.0;
// Envia el dato al puerto serial
Serial.print(temperatura);
// Salto de línea
Serial.print("\n");
// Esperamos un tiempo para repetir el loop
delay(1000);
}
Khumbula ukuthi uma ushintsha izikhonkwane zokuxhuma ebhodini le-Arduino noma ufuna ukukuvumelanisa nesinye isilinganiso, kuzofanela uguqule ifomula nekhodi ukuze ihambisane nedizayini yakho ...
Ngale ndlela, esikrinini ungakwazi thola izilinganiso zokushisa ku-ºC ithembekile impela. Ungazama ukuletha okuthile okubandayo noma okushisayo eduze kwenzwa ukubona ushintsho olwenzeka ...