Imoto kagesi: konke odinga ukukwazi mayelana nalezi zingxenye

Njengoba wazi, kunamamodeli amaningi we imoto kagesi emakethe, nezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene. Kule bhulogi sesivele sihlaziye ezinye izinhlobo zama-motors kagesi acacisiwe kakhulu ongazisebenzisa namaphrojekthi we-DIY, njengokulawula kwawo ngamabhodi e-Arduino asebenzisa I-PWM, kodwa futhi banezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi ezifana ne-robotics, njll.

Kulesi sihloko uzokwazi lwazi lolu hlobo lwenjini ngokusondele kakhudlwana manje eziqala ukusebenza emikhakheni ehlukahlukene ...

Yini imoto kagesi?

Un imoto kagesi akuyona into edlula umshini oguqula amandla kagesi awanikezwe wona abe ngamandla ajikelezayo omshini. Okusho ukuthi, i-rotor izokwenza ukuthi i-shaft ijikeleze lapho kunikezwa khona i-current, ngoba ikhiqiza amandla kazibuthe ngaphakathi kwayo akwazi ukusebenza ngamakhoyili nozibuthe ukukhiqiza ukujikeleza.

Ngaphakathi kuzoba ne- i-stator ne-Rotor. Owokuqala usendaweni engaphandle impela futhi ulungiswe ezindlini zezimoto ezisebenza ngogesi, ngaphezu kokuthi ngokuvamile zakhiwa omazibuthe abalungisiwe (abamele isithombe sangaphambilini ngamahawu abomvu nahlaza okwesibhakabhaka). Esikhundleni salokho, i-rotor yingxenye ehambayo ezophenduka ngenxa yesenzo sikazibuthe se-stator ngenxa yamakhoyili ayo akha i-electromagnet (emelwe esithombeni esedlule ngamakhoyili abomvu nahlaza okwesibhakabhaka).

Ngisho, uzibuthe izokhiqiza amandla akhangayo futhi anyanyekayo kuma-rotor windings, kuya ngophawu, bese ikwenza ijikeleze ngaphakathi kwe-stator.

Futhi, amanye ama-motors kagesi abuyiselwa emuvaLokhu akusho ukuthi bangakwazi ukuhlehlisa ukujikeleza kokujikeleza, ngoba lokho kungenziwa yiwo wonke umuntu, kepha bangaba yimbumbulu kanye nenjini. Okusho ukuthi, lapho ufaka amandla ayajikeleza futhi lapho ujikeleza i-eksisi yawo akhiqiza amandla kagesi ezikhumulweni zawo.

Lesi yisiqalo se- ama-generator ezisetshenziswa embonini yamandla, njengama-generator akhona ezigayo zomoya, noma lezo ezisezitshalweni zamandla ezishisayo, izitshalo eziphehla ugesi ngamanzi, njll. Eqinisweni, kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza bangasebenza kuzo zombili izindlela, njengezinjini zezimoto ezithile ezinjengeKERS noma ukubopha amabhuleki okuvuselela ezinye izitimela ...

Izici

Injini inochungechunge lwe izici ezokhomba izimfanelo zenjini. Kufanele wazi okubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi ukuthi ungakhetha kanjani iyunithi elungile. Isibonelo, igqamisa:

Potencia: zingaba kusuka ku-mW embalwa uma kwenzeka incane kakhulu futhi ilula kakhulu, kuze kufike ezinkulungwaneni zama-watts esimweni esinamandla kakhulu nesisinda kakhulu. Futhi lokho kunweba ububanzi bokusetshenziswa, kusuka kumadivayisi amancane kagesi kuye kuzicelo zezimboni. Ngokuya ngamandla ayo, uzoba namandla okucishe ujike.
I-Voltage nohlobo lwamanje: kunamandla kagesi amancane, kusuka kuma-motors amancane ka-5v, 12v, kuya kwamanye asebenza ku-220v noma ngaphezulu. Vele, okwamanje okuhlinzekiwe kungaba ngqo (DC) noma kushintshane (AC).
I-motor torque: ngamandla lapho i-motor shaft izophenduka khona. Imvamisa ihlala njalo ngokungafani nezinye izinjini, kepha ungathola izinjini ezinamandla amancane nezinye ezinamandla amakhulu kakhulu. Abanye bazokwazi ngisho nokwenza i-torque ephezulu yokuhambisa izimoto ezisindayo.
Ukusebenza: Akumayelana namandla, kodwa mayelana nokusebenza kwamandla. Imvamisa icishe ibe ngama-75%, amanye amamodeli angasebenzi kahle kanti amanye esebenza kahle kakhulu.
Ukukhishwa 0: lolu hlobo lwenjini alukhiphi amagesi angcolisayo emkhathini njengamanye amagesi omlilo angaphakathi noma okusabela. Kulokhu, okungukungcola kuphela kungaba yindlela ugesi obanika amandla owenziwa ngayo. Noma ngabe ivela emithonjeni evuselelekayo noma cha.
Isiqandisi: ngokuvamile azidingi ukupholisa njengezinye izinjini zomlilo. Zinomoya, yize okunye ukusebenza okuphezulu kungadinga ukupholisa okuthile.
Ibhokisi legiya: abadingi amabhokisi wamagiya ayinkimbinkimbi, ijubane nokuqondisa kokujikeleza kungalawulwa ngekhompyutha. Kodwa-ke, kungahle kube nokuncishiswa noma ukuphindaphindwa kwamagiya ukuze kukhishwe amandla amaningi noma ijubane ngendlela oyifunayo

Izinhlobo

: CC

: CA

Alukho uhlobo olulodwa kuphela lwemoto kagesi, njengoba sengishilo, kepha kunezinhlobo eziningana. Kufanele wazi okuvelele kakhulu, yize kule ndatshana sigxila ku-CC ngezizathu ezisobala zendikimba yale blog.

I-Los izinhlobo motor kagesi Yilezi:

Imoto yendawo yonke: Luhlobo lwemoto olungasebenza nge-DC ne-AC, yize ingajwayelekile. Yimoto yesigaba esisodwa enokufana nochungechunge lwe-DC motor, yize inezinguquko ezithile. Zisetshenziswa ezinhlelweni ezahlukahlukene, njengoba zine-torque ephezulu yokuqalwa kune-induction kanye nejubane elikhulu lokujikeleza yize lihlangene futhi lishibhile. Zijwayelekile kumathuluzi aphathekayo azo zonke izinhlobo nezinto zikagesi ezincane.
Ama-Motors Aqondile Wamanje (DC)- Lawa ma-motors yiwona asebenza njengamanje, njengama-motors amaningi owasebenzisa nge-Arduino namanye amaphrojekthi womenzi. Ngaphakathi kwalo mndeni kunamaqembu amancane afana nalawa:
- Ukuzijabulisa okuzimele
- Ukuzijabulisa komkhiqizo
- Ukuzijabulisa kukaShunt noma shunt
- Injabulo eyinhlanganisela noma i-compund
- Abanye: i-stepper noma i-servo motor, motor engenasisekelo, brushless (brushless).
Ama-Motors wamanje (AC) ashintshanayo: yilezo ezisebenza ngokushintshana kwamanje, zibe zinkulu futhi zisetshenziselwe izinto zikagesi ezinkulu, imboni, imishini, njll. Ngaphakathi ungathola ama-subtypes afana nalokhu:
- Kuyavumelaniswa: Kulolu hlobo lwemoto, i-axis yokujikeleza ijikeleza kumvamisa wamanje wokuphakelwa. Ijubane lokujikeleza kwalo lihlala njalo, njalo kuye ngemvamisa yamandla wenethiwekhi kagesi exhunywe kuyo. Isibonelo, kunethiwekhi yasekhaya kungaba ngu-220v 50 / 60Hz.
- I-Asynchronous: ngomunye ozungezisa i-rotor yakhe ngejubane elihlukile kunele kazibuthe. Ngaphakathi kukhona futhi ukwahlukana okufana nalokhu:
  - Isigaba esisodwa: yilabo abasebenzisa amandla wesigaba esisodwa, njengaleyo yendlu. Ngaphakathi kukhona:
    - Asizayo emazombezombe
    - I-Loop ifinyeziwe
    - I-Universal (bona iphuzu lokuqala)
  - I-Triphasic: i-stator inductor emazombezombe ayo yenzelwe ukuthi kushintshwe amakhoyili amathathu ahlukene ayi-120º ngogesi, ukuze kuthi lapho ihlinzekwa nge-AC yesigaba esithathu, ukujikeleza kwe-Rotor kungakhiwa isenzo sesigaba ngasinye. Ngaphakathi uthola:
    - I-rotor yesilonda (ejwayelekile).
    - Rotor efushane (ikheji lesikwele).

Aplicaciones

Imoto kagesi ingasetshenziselwa inombolo enkulu yezicelo. Kusuka ezimotweni zikagesi, ngokusebenzisa izindlela ezithile ezisebenza ngomshini, kuya kuma-drones, amarobhothi, ama-mixers, ama-3D printers, ama-hard drive, amaphampu wamanzi, izinto zasendlini ezifana nemishini yokuwasha kanye nemishini yokuwasha izitsha, amaphrinta ajwayelekile, abalandeli, ama-generator kagesi, nokunye okuningi.

Ngokuvamile, isigaba esisodwa Yizinto eziyisisekelo ezisetshenziswa kakhulu kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ezincane futhi kulula ukuhlehlisa ukujikeleza ngokumane ushintshe ubukhulu bamanje obusetshenzisiwe. Zijwayelekile kumadivayisi amancane kagesi. Isigaba sesithathu sisetshenziselwa izinhlelo ezinamandla kakhulu, njengezimboni.

Lokho ngokushintsha kwamanje. Kepha ezweni lomenzi ne-DIY, kuyinto ejwayelekile ukuthi uyisebenzise izinjini ze-dc. Lawa ma-motors amancane e-DC ajwayelekile kumarobhothi, ama-drones, amaphrinta e-3D, izimoto ezincane zikagesi, njll.

Ukuthenga kuphi

Ungakwazi thenga izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene yale divayisi, njengamamodeli kagesi owathola ku-Amazon nakwezinye izitolo ezikhethekile:

Imininingwane engaphezulu ngezinjini

Ngincoma ukuthi nawe ufunde abanye izindatshana ezihlobene ngezinjini ezinjengalezi:

Hardwarelibre

Imoto kagesi: konke odinga ukukwazi