Uma ucabanga ukuthenga umshini we-CNC ukuzilibazisa, noma ukusetshenziswa kochwepheshe, ngokuqinisekile kuzovela ukungabaza okuningi oyidingayo naphezu kwazo zonke izihloko ezedlule ngalesi sihloko. Ngoba qeda konke lokho kungabaza, ake sibone amathiphu namasu ongawasebenzisa lapho ukhetha umshini ukuze uqiniseke ngokwengeziwe ukuthi wenze ukukhetha okuhle. Uzobona nezimfihlo ezithile ukuze wazi uma ubhekene nethuluzi elihle.
Ungawukhetha kanjani umshini ophelele we-CNC
Ezihlokweni ezedlule sengike ngaphawula ngezici ezithile zobuchwepheshe zemishini ye-CNC kanye nemingcele ebalulekile okufanele uyinake lapho uthenga eyodwa. Lo mhlahlandlela awusebenzi kakhulu, kodwa uhambisana nalo lonke ulwazi lwangaphambilini, nge eminye imininingwane abaningi abangayiqapheli futhi lokho kubaluleke kakhulu noma kungaphezu kwalokho okwake kwabonwa ngaphambili:
- Isisindo somshini: akumele nje ubone ukuthi unendawo eyanele yokuyigcina, nesisindo sayo sibalulekile. Okusindayo, kuzoba nzima kakhulu ukukufaka. Kodwa akugcini lapho, kunesinye isici esibalulekile, okungukuthi uma inkampani noma indawo yokusebenzela isezingeni eliphezulu, bheka ukuthi isakhiwo sesakhiwo singasisekela yini sonke leso sisindo. Khumbula ukuthi ezinye zezimboni zingaba nesisindo esingamakhulu amakhilogremu noma amathani.
- Indawo yokusebenza: Ungase ucabange ukuthi kufanele ukhethe umshini ngendawo yokusebenza efanelekile ukuze wenze umshini wezingxenye osebenza ngazo, kodwa kubalulekile njalo ukukhetha usayizi omkhulu kancane kunalokho, njengoba ngezinye izikhathi kungase kuvele imisebenzi emikhulu.
- Ukutholakala kwezingxenye ezisele nosizo lobuchwepheshe: Amanye amabhrendi angaziwa kangako, noma amanye amaShayina, ngokuvamile awanazo izingxenye ezisele (noma okunzima ukuzithola eYurophu) noma awanalo ukusekelwa kobuchwepheshe eYurophu (kuphela ezweni lendabuko noma ngezinye izilimi). Konke kuyinkinga enzima ezinkampanini, njengoba uma konakala kuzomiswa ukukhiqiza isikhathi eside kusalungiswa lezi zinkinga. Kufanele njalo ukhethe amabhrendi aziwa kakhulu ukuze uthole izingxenye eziyisipele kalula, futhi ezinesevisi yezobuchwepheshe ezweni lakini.
- Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla: Njengoba intengo kagesi inyukile, izoba nomthelela omkhulu emalini yenzuzo yenkampani, ezilinganisweni zezindleko kanye nezintengo zokugcina zomkhiqizo. Ngenxa yalokhu, ukukhetha imishini esebenzayo kungenza umehluko.
- Ukukhetha ukunemba: Abanye bacabanga ukuthi badinga kuphela ukukhathazeka ngokunemba lapho benza izingxenye zamasistimu abaluleke kakhulu lapho ukuhluka okuncane noma iphutha lokukhiqiza kungaba inkinga enkulu. Kodwa iqiniso liwukuthi bonke abanye kufanele bacabangele nokuthenga imishini enemba ngangokunokwenzeka, njengoba lokhu kungase kuthuthukise ikhwalithi nokwaneliseka kwamakhasimende akho, futhi kugweme ukuqedwa kwezingxenye ezingenasici esigabeni se-QA (ukulawula ikhwalithi).
- Ukusetshenziswa: Ijika lokufunda lomshini we-CNC alibalulekile nje kuphela ngokombono wokuthi kuyinkimbinkimbi kangakanani noma kuzoba lula kangakanani ukufunda ubuciko bomshini, kungasho futhi ukuqasha abantu abakhethekile kwisofthiwe ethile, noma isofthiwe ethile. umshini . Ngalesi sizathu, kungcono ukuthenga lezo ezinikeza ijika lokufunda eliphansi futhi ezibeke ukusebenziseka phambili. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma ubuvele unomshini wangaphambilini wohlobo oluthile noma imodeli futhi opharetha benolwazi ngawo, umkhuba omuhle kungaba ukuthenga umshini omusha womshini ofanayo, ngoba uzoba onembile futhi bazoba. ujwayelene ngokushesha kunomshini omusha umshini wolunye uhlobo onomsebenzi ohluke kakhulu.
- SoftwareQaphela: Ngaphezu kwesoftware yokuklama okulula ukuyisebenzisela i-CAD/CAM kanye nesofthiwe yokulawula umshini, enye into okufanele icatshangelwe ukwethembeka kwabashayeli, nokuzinza kwesofthiwe. Lokhu kuthinta ngokuqondile ukukhiqiza, njengoba umshayeli onamaphutha aqhubekayo, noma isofthiwe ejwayele ukwenza amaphutha, uzolahlekelwa isikhathi esiningi somsebenzi.
- Izindleko: kufanele ucabangele zonke izindleko ezingaguquki ezihambisana nokwenza ingxenye, nezinye izindleko eziguquguqukayo ukuze wenze izibalo kumamajini ongagudluza kuwo futhi uma kuwufanele ngempela ukutshala imali emshinini we-CNC (uma uzokhokhiswa imali noma utholakale maduze. yini esetshenzisiwe).
- Izindleko ezilungisiwe: imali yokuqala, ukwehla kwenani lomshini, inzalo yemali mboleko, njll.
- Izindleko eziguquguqukayo: izindleko zezinto zokwakha, izinsiza zabantu noma umsebenzi, ukugcinwa kwezindleko zesevisi yezobuchwepheshe, izindleko zezingxenye ezisele, njll.
- Espacio: Ekuqaleni ngaqala ngokusho ukuthi isisindo sasibaluleke kakhulu njengesikhala, kodwa lapho uhlola ukuthi umshini we-CNC unendawo endaweni yakho yokusebenzela noma efektri, akufanele ucabange nje ubukhulu bomshini ngokwawo, kodwa futhi:
- Lungiselela isikhala esikhona ukuze ama-opharetha asebenze ngokukhululeka.
- Gwema amaphasishi amancane kakhulu, njengoba angaba yinkinga uma uhambahamba.
- Hlela umshini endaweni enamasu ngaphakathi kwendawo yokusebenzela, eduze kwezinto ezizokwenziwa ngomshini noma umshini oya ngokushesha ngaphambi komshini we-CNC ohlelweni lokukhiqiza. Lokho kubalulekile ukunciphisa izisebenzi zokunyakaza okufanele zikwenze kusuka emshinini kuya komshini.
- Nikeza ngesitsha esiseduze noma idiphozi ukuze kuqedwe ama-chips nezinye izibi.
- Ungaphuli izincomo zomkhiqizi lapho ubeka umshini endaweni noma ubeka engcupheni ukuphepha kwabasebenzi engozini.
- Cabanga ngokushiya isikhala samahhala ukuze kwandiswe esikhathini esizayo enkampanini.
- Imishini isebenza ngogesi, qiniseka ukuthi unendawo yokukhipha ugesi eduze. Gwema ukusebenzisa izintambo zokunweba.
Amaqhinga okuthuthukisa imishini ye-CNC yabachwepheshe
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kubalulekile ukuthi ube nokunye ukucatshangelwa uma kuziwa ekuthuthukiseni imishini enkampanini yakho. Futhi lokhu kwenzeka ukwazi abanye amaqhinga nezeluleko ngokuvamile enikeza abanolwazi kakhulu futhi abanganakwa abasaqalayo:
- Gwema ukuklama amaphrofayili azacile kakhulu: Izindonga ezizacile kwamanye amaphrojekthi wobunjiniyela zingaholela ezinkingeni zomshini uma umshini unganembe kakhulu futhi uzosusa ukuqina kwengxenye. Ubukhulu obuncane obujwayelekile bezindonga ngokuvamile buba ngu-0.794 mm wezinsimbi kanye no-1.5 mm wamapulasitiki. Uma umklamo wakho udinga ukudala izindonga ezincane kakhulu, kufanele ucabange ukusebenzisa enye indlela yokukhiqiza efana ne-lamination.
- Dizayina ngokuhambisana nomshini wakho we-CNC: kubalulekile ukucabangela amathuba emodeli yomshini wakho kanye nezici okungenzeka ukuthi zithuthuke noma zingathuthuki. Ngezinye izikhathi amamodeli ayinkimbinkimbi kakhulu aklanywa ngesofthiwe umshini ongakwazi ukuyikhiqiza kabusha. Isibonelo, uma uklama imbobo egobile, qiniseka ukuthi umshini wakho unezinsimbi zokuphotha ezidingekayo namathuluzi awo.
- Gwema ukusebenzisa ukubekezelelana okuqinile: Imishini ye-CNC isivele inokubekezelelana kwayo noma ukunemba, futhi akufanele uqine kakhulu futhi uzame ukuphoqelela ukugcinwa kokubekezelelana okulinganayo okuzokubiza kuphela utshalomali nesikhathi uma leyo ngxenye ingadingi lokho kunemba.
- ukugcwala kobuhle: Akufanele udale imininingwane yobuhle eyeqisayo, hhayi nje ngenxa yedizayini ngokwayo, kodwa ngoba leyo mininingwane izokwenza ukuba imishini ingasebenzi kahle, futhi ingase yenze umsebenzi wangemva kokucubungula ube nzima. Isibonelo, ake ucabange ukuthi wenza isisekelo sensimbi okufanele usipende. Imidwebo eminingi nama-nooks nama-crannies azokwenza ukudweba kube nzima.
- Gwema ubukhulu bomgodi obungalingani: Uma kungadingeki ngokuqinile, akufanele udale imigodi ngokujula okuphezulu kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nobubanzi bayo. Lokhu kungenza ithuluzi libe nzima kakhulu ukukhipha i-chip futhi lingase libe nezinkinga. Ngokuvamile, ukujula kufanele kube okungenani izikhathi ezine ububanzi bomgodi.
- Engeza i-radii lapho wenza isitayela imingcele yangaphakathiQaphela: Amathuluzi amaningi okwenza ama-cylindrical futhi lokhu kuwavimbela ekwenzeni imiphetho ebukhali yangaphakathi. Yingakho kubalulekile ukwengeza i-radii emaphethelweni angaphakathi ekwakhiweni ukuze bangangeni ezinkingeni kamuva emshinini we-CNC. Njengomthetho ojwayelekile, i-radii engu-130% enkulu kune-radius yethuluzi lokugaya elisetshenziswayo kufanele isetshenziswe.
- Gwema ukudala imininingwane emincane kakhulu: Uma kungenasidingo, ungadali imiklamo enemininingwane engaphansi kuka-2.5 mm. Lezi ziyinkimbinkimbi emshinini futhi zizodinga ukusebenzisa amathuluzi okukhethekile okuzokwandisa izindleko nesikhathi sokukhiqiza.
- Ukumiswa: uma uzokhiqiza izingxenye okufanele kamuva zilingane noma zihlanganiswe nabanye, ungakhohlwa ukuhlonipha imithetho futhi uhlale udala izingxenye ezinezimbobo, izintambo, nezinye izici ezijwayelekile.
- Izincwadi: Uma umbhalo ungadingeki ukuthi wenziwe ngomshini, gwema lokhu. Futhi, eminye imithombo iyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ngesitayela. Kunconywa ukusebenzisa amafonti afana ne-San Serif yamaphuzu angu-20 noma ngaphezulu.
- Ukulungiselelwa komshini we-CNC: Qiniseka ukuthi ilinganiselwe kahle futhi yonke into imiswe ngendlela efanele. Kubalulekile ukwenza ukuhlolwa kwangaphambilini, ikakhulukazi uma kungokokuqala.
- Ithuthukisa ukunemba kwamathuluzi okulinganisa: Uma izilinganiso zidinga ukuthathwa ukuze zikhiqize kabusha ekwakhiweni, qiniseka ukuthi unamathuluzi okulinganisa anembe kakhulu ukuze unciphise izindleko zamaphutha okulinganisa.
Ulwazi oluningi
- Imishini ye-CNC: isiqondiso sokulawula izinombolo
- Usebenza kanjani umshini we-CNC kanye nezicelo
- I-Prototyping kanye ne-CNC design
- Zonke izinhlobo zemishini ye-CNC ngokuya ngokusetshenziswa nezici
- CNC lathe izinhlobo nezici
- Izinhlobo zemishini yokugaya ye-CNC
- Izinhlobo zerutha ye-CNC nokusika kwe-CNC
- Izinhlobo zokuqoshwa kwe-laser
- Eminye imishini ye-CNC: ukubhoboza, Khetha & Indawo, ukushisela nokunye
- Umshini we-CNC ungasiza kanjani enkampanini
- Ukugcinwa kwemishini ye-CNC
- Umhlahlandlela oqondile mayelana nabaqambi: yini isakhi futhi sisebenzelani
- Imishini engcono kakhulu ye-CNC yokungcebeleka nokusetshenziswa kochwepheshe
- Amapulani amahle kakhulu wokuphrinta
- Amacebo amahle kakhulu wokusika
- Izinto ezingcono kakhulu zokusetshenziswa zababumbi: amakhatriji, iphepha, i-vinyl, nezingxenye ezisele